. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1994 Boileau, Crete, and Huot: Food Habits of Black Bear 167 Table 3. Black Bear habitat use in Gaspesie Park, 1990, determined from radiolocations. Habitat types underscored by the same line are not significantly different from each other in terms of preference (P>) according to Johnson's method (Johnson 1980). MF= mature forest, MIS= miscellaneous, C15= clearcuts over 15 years old, and IE= stands affected by insect epidemics. Habitats MF MIS C15 IE Availability (%)a 61 Use (%)b Early Summer (n=22) 20 11 5 Late Summer (n=24) 3 MIS MF C15 1
. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1994 Boileau, Crete, and Huot: Food Habits of Black Bear 167 Table 3. Black Bear habitat use in Gaspesie Park, 1990, determined from radiolocations. Habitat types underscored by the same line are not significantly different from each other in terms of preference (P>) according to Johnson's method (Johnson 1980). MF= mature forest, MIS= miscellaneous, C15= clearcuts over 15 years old, and IE= stands affected by insect epidemics. Habitats MF MIS C15 IE Availability (%)a 61 Use (%)b Early Summer (n=22) 20 11 5 Late Summer (n=24) 3 MIS MF C15 IE MF MIS C15 25 25 IE a Percent availability of respective habitats components. b Percent of radiolocations in each habitat type. sistent with findings elsewhere in North America (Hatler 1972; Juniper 1978; Landers et al. 1979; Beeman and Pelton 1980; Maher and Brady 1984; MacHutchon 1989). Habitat use Radio-collared bears were relocated from the air on 46 occasions during summer and autumn of 1990. By 8 July, two bears were lost to trapping and two bears lost their radiocollars. Areas occupied during the summer averaged 125 (SE = 38; N = 5) for 5 males and 47 (23 ;5) km2 for five females. With the excep- tion of one female which was killed in a bear-trap set at the edge of the alpine tundra, no bears were relo- cated within alpine tundra (Figure 1). Moreover, as summer progressed, bears tended to leave the study area; by 12 July, half of the radiocollared bears roamed outside the study area (Boileau 1993).. GREEN VEGETATION FRUITS ANIMAL DEBRIS Figure 2. Composition of Black Bear diet in Gaspesie Park, Quebec, in early (1 June to 15 July) and late (16 July to 31 August) summer, 1990, according to four broad groups, as revealed by scat analysis (w= 169). Seasonal trend in habitat use was not as evident as that for food habits. Seasonal variations in habitat use reflect changes in Black Bear diet (Jonkel and Cowan 1971; Armstrup and Beecham 1976; Lindzey an
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