Southern Africa, the land and its peoples . lling rapidly along a1 shipping gallery. In this way maize is loaded in bulk at the rate of athousand tons an hour. Maize is the principal agricultural export of South Africa,although the proportion of the maize-crop exported varies fromyear to year. By the Maize Quota Act (1931) there is a compulsoryexport of the estimated surplus, in order to maintain the localprice. Maize plays the same part in the economic life of the SouthAfrican grain farmer as that played by wheat in the life of theCanadian farmer. It must be understood, however, that whilst I
Southern Africa, the land and its peoples . lling rapidly along a1 shipping gallery. In this way maize is loaded in bulk at the rate of athousand tons an hour. Maize is the principal agricultural export of South Africa,although the proportion of the maize-crop exported varies fromyear to year. By the Maize Quota Act (1931) there is a compulsoryexport of the estimated surplus, in order to maintain the localprice. Maize plays the same part in the economic life of the SouthAfrican grain farmer as that played by wheat in the life of theCanadian farmer. It must be understood, however, that whilst I-AKM IldiDI ( h WD IAIIM [NDUSTRIKS 109 to us the maize crop is of great Importance, the Union doei not seriously compete, either in total production 01 in exports, with the countries of North and South America. There can be no doubtthai if every bag of maize grown in South Africa were utilizedin South Africa, chiefly foi the feeding of cattle, the eountrjwould be more greatly enriched than l>\ the present method of enforced e\|> Photo.] PvUHoUy Department, \i\ \ Aiou, ( \ii lows; Tabic Mountain in background. I. The conditions that govern successful wheat produc-tion may DC summarized as follows: (1) During winter and Bpring there should be a moderate rainfall: but forth* grain to ripen without interferencefrom parasitic diseases, such as rust, the summer should be relatively warm, dry, and sunny. (2) The soil should be stiff enough to support the stalk. (3) The land, although will-drained, should he sufficiently Hat or gently-undulating to permit the use of lield-machinery. The first and most important of these conditions occurs only in the winter-rain region of the (ape; yet the cultivation of wheat i^ so protected, the price being fixed by the Government, 110 SOUTHERN AFRICA that it is carried on in regions where adverse climatic conditionsprevail, , in the Caledon Valley, and in the eastern districtsof the Cape Province. About two-filths
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