Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen (1872-1928), on skis in his Arctic furs. He led the Antarctic expedition of 1910-12, and was the first to reach the
Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen (1872-1928), on skis in his Arctic furs. He led the Antarctic expedition of 1910-12, and was the first to reach the geographic South Pole. Amundsen estimated that he could determine the precise point of the southern intersection of the Earth'sÂaxisÂwith the Earth's surface to one nautical mile (Âkm). Observations of the sun's altitude were made with a sextant, using an artificial horizon which, on the absence of a true nautical horizon, was based on mercury. On December 14 1911 he believed they were at the Pole, but further observations gave a latitude of 89 degrees 55 minutes, a distance from the mathematical South Pole of On December 17 at the new position, Amundsen and the three other members of the five-man team who were trained navigators took additional observations over the next 24 hours to verify the precise location.
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Photo credit: © SHEILA TERRY/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
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