. Life and times of Washington. pay for were therefore under a necessity of seeking else-where a market for their produce, and by a circuitous route,acquiring the means of supporting their credit with themother country. This they found by trading with theSpanish and French Colonies in their neighborhood. Fromthem they acquired gold, silver, and valuable commodities,the ultimate profits of which centered in Great Britain. This intercourse gave life to business of every denomina-tion, and established a reciprocal circulation of money andmerchandise to the benefit of all parties concern
. Life and times of Washington. pay for were therefore under a necessity of seeking else-where a market for their produce, and by a circuitous route,acquiring the means of supporting their credit with themother country. This they found by trading with theSpanish and French Colonies in their neighborhood. Fromthem they acquired gold, silver, and valuable commodities,the ultimate profits of which centered in Great Britain. This intercourse gave life to business of every denomina-tion, and established a reciprocal circulation of money andmerchandise to the benefit of all parties concerned. Whya trade essential to the Colonies, and which so far frombeing detrimental, was indirectly advantageous to GreatBritain should be so narrowly watched and so severely re-strained, could not be accounted for by the Americans with-out supposing that the rulers of Great Britain were, jealousof their adventurous commercial spirit, and of their in-creasing number of seamen. Their actual sufferings were great but their apprehen-. GENERAL ISRAEL PUTNAM. LIFE AND TIMES. 497 sioris were greater. Instead of viewing the parent stateas formerly in the light of an affectionate mother, they con-ceived her as beginning to be influenced by the narrow viewsof an illiberal step-dame. After the 29th of September, 1764, the trade betweenthe British and the French and Spanish Colonies was insome degree legalized, but under circumstances thatbrought no relief to the colonists, for it was loaded withsuch enormous duties as were equivalent to a prohibition. While Great Britain attended to her first system of coloni-zation, her American settlements though exposed in un-known climates and unexplored wildernesses grew andflourished, and in the same proportion the trade and richesof the mother country increased. Some estimate may bemade of this increase from the following statement: thewhole export trade of England, including that to the in the year 1704, amounted to £6,509,000 sterling;b
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