. Coastal scour problems and methods for prediction of maximum scour. Scour (Hydraulic engineering); Sea-walls; Underwater pipelines; Rubble mound breakwaters. W = weight of particle, lbf and L = lift force, lbf Free Stream Velocity. Figure 1. Forces on a particle in unidirectional flows The value for 4> is typically assumed to be equal to the angle of repose of the grains. For sand, this value is typically taken between 30 and 35 deg**. The lift force L is typically not considered in the analysis because it is inherently included in turbulent fluctuations. The forces W and D can be written
. Coastal scour problems and methods for prediction of maximum scour. Scour (Hydraulic engineering); Sea-walls; Underwater pipelines; Rubble mound breakwaters. W = weight of particle, lbf and L = lift force, lbf Free Stream Velocity. Figure 1. Forces on a particle in unidirectional flows The value for 4> is typically assumed to be equal to the angle of repose of the grains. For sand, this value is typically taken between 30 and 35 deg**. The lift force L is typically not considered in the analysis because it is inherently included in turbulent fluctuations. The forces W and D can be written as *~ C^ (1 sediment fluid) (2) and D = C, d2 tr (3) where 7 = specific weight, lbf/ft3 Cx = "shape" coefficient C2 = drag coefficient t0 = boundary shear stress, lbf/ftz Combination of Equations 2 and 3 yields an expression for the shear stress given by C, x0 =— tan 4> d (y sedimeat-f tluid) (4) Rearranging Equation 4 to obtain r0 in dimensionless form results in A table of factors for converting non-SI units of measurement to SI (metric) units is presented on page Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Fowler, Jimmy E; United States. Army. Corps of Engineers; Coastal Engineering Research Center (U. S. ); U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. [Vicksburg, Miss. : U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station ; Springfield, Va. : Available from National Technical Information Service]
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