. Report of the geological exploration of the fortieth parallel . S, Spach. Sterile Sowers fascicled, surrounded bj bracts, in an ament. Calyxregularly 5-6-lobed, Stamens usually twice as many as the lobes; filaments slender, elongated; anthersvery small, 2-celled. Rudimentary pistil globose, free, hirsute. Fertile flowers 3-1, in a scaly 6-parted, lobes obtuse, in two ro\i s. Styles 3, (rarely 3-5,) linear, opposite the outer 3-celled; cells 2-ovuled; ovules amphitropous from tin- lower angle. Fruit consisting of theinvolucre and 3-1 included cartilaginous fr
. Report of the geological exploration of the fortieth parallel . S, Spach. Sterile Sowers fascicled, surrounded bj bracts, in an ament. Calyxregularly 5-6-lobed, Stamens usually twice as many as the lobes; filaments slender, elongated; anthersvery small, 2-celled. Rudimentary pistil globose, free, hirsute. Fertile flowers 3-1, in a scaly 6-parted, lobes obtuse, in two ro\i s. Styles 3, (rarely 3-5,) linear, opposite the outer 3-celled; cells 2-ovuled; ovules amphitropous from tin- lower angle. Fruit consisting of theinvolucre and 3-1 included cartilaginous free nutlets ; involucre globose, besef with usuallj branchedprickles growing tardily from the scales, rarelj crested with subcorneal tubercles, closed, at length irreg-ularly cleft or indehiscent. Seeds by abortion solitary : cotyledons thick, mealy, plano-convex : radiclesuperior.—Trees of Asia and California, with the hahit and inflorescence of some Asiatic sections ofQueicus and the fruit of Castanea, but the ovary 3-celled ; fruit maturing the second CATALOGUE. 323 times 1 long) and covered with divergent branched subverticillate prickles;nut 6 in diameter, obtusely triangular, glabrous.—California and Mountains, Nevada, above Carson City; 6,500 feet altitude. (1,087.) betulacej:. Betula occidentalis, Hook. Flor. Bor. Amer. 2. 155. Branches darkreddish-brown, copiously sprinkled with resinous warts ; leaves 1—1A long,9-15 wide, thin, broadly ovate, acute, truncate at base or sometimes sub-cuneate or slightly cordate, with rarely more than four pairs of nerves, smoothand resinous above or minutely appressed-hairy, lighter-colored beneath,usually with scattered hairs upon the petioles, margins and veins, not punc-tate, somewhat obscurely lobed or doubly toothed, the serratures short andglandularis mucronate; petioles slender, 3-5 long ; fruiting aments broad-cylindrical, llong; peduncles suberect, leafy, 3-5 long ; scales pubescent,ciliate, the later
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