Georgia, historical and industrial . The red clay soils are derived from schists, gneisses and granitoid rockscontaining ferro-magnesian minerals, yielding on decomposition hydratedferric oxide of iron, which gives to the soil its deep-red or bTO^\mish-redstain. The gray soils are coarser grained than the preceding and are derivedfrom the disintegration of granites, and in some localities from gneisses,and grade into the finer grained red soils wherever complete chemicaldecomposition has succeeded mechanical disintegration. Most of the soils of the Crystalline area where not naturally fertiler
Georgia, historical and industrial . The red clay soils are derived from schists, gneisses and granitoid rockscontaining ferro-magnesian minerals, yielding on decomposition hydratedferric oxide of iron, which gives to the soil its deep-red or bTO^\mish-redstain. The gray soils are coarser grained than the preceding and are derivedfrom the disintegration of granites, and in some localities from gneisses,and grade into the finer grained red soils wherever complete chemicaldecomposition has succeeded mechanical disintegration. Most of the soils of the Crystalline area where not naturally fertilerespond well to fertilization, the clay subsoil that underlies the most ofthem preventing the leaching out of plant-food. The soils of the coastal plain region have been derived principallyfrom the Columbia and Lafayette fonnations, and are prevailing sandyor clayey sands or loams. Their constitution varies according to locality from almost pure sandto the darkest brick-red loams of the Lafayette. At some places calca- O o !2! O O O. GEORGIA: HISTORICAL AXD IXDUSTRIAL. 127 reoiis rocks underlying these formations outcrop, and at different pointslimestones and marls have an important influence on the character of thesoil. Xo detailed investigation from a geological standpoint has yet beenmade on the soils of the southern part of the State. A paper on the Mineral Resources of Georgia read by Prof. S. before the International Mining Congress held at Boise City,Idaho, in part of July, 1901, will form a fitting conclusion tothis chapter on the Geology of Georgia. All of the great divisions of geological history are represented in Geor-gia with the exception probably of the Jura-trias. The northern andcentral parts of the State known as the Crystalline aiea are made uplargely of gneisses and schists, which are supposed to represent the south-ern extension of the old Archean continent. To the northeast of thisancient land surface and comprising the greater part of
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectgeorgia, bookyear1901
