. British bee journal & bee-keepers adviser. Bees. 220 THE BRITISH BEE JOURNAL. [May 1C, 1889. The arduous duties of a colonial clergyman left little time for the pursuit of apiculture. His health broke down, and eventually necessitated his return to England. After holding temporary charges in Yorkshire and Worcestershire in 1853, he was appointed to the sole charge of the parish of Tottenhoe, near Dunstable, Bedfordshire. Here he established an apiary consisting of bar-hives, and an adaptation of Nutt's hive, with one collateral box only. He also worked skeps on the Grecian pattern, contr
. British bee journal & bee-keepers adviser. Bees. 220 THE BRITISH BEE JOURNAL. [May 1C, 1889. The arduous duties of a colonial clergyman left little time for the pursuit of apiculture. His health broke down, and eventually necessitated his return to England. After holding temporary charges in Yorkshire and Worcestershire in 1853, he was appointed to the sole charge of the parish of Tottenhoe, near Dunstable, Bedfordshire. Here he established an apiary consisting of bar-hives, and an adaptation of Nutt's hive, with one collateral box only. He also worked skeps on the Grecian pattern, contracted towards the bottom, with comb bars and straw cover. He also used the observatory or leaf-hive of Huber, but gave this up owing to the propolising of the close-end frames in favour of the unicomb hive, with its glass doors, as improved by Bevan, Golding. and others, and which even to this day is considered the best. At the close of 1850 Mr. Raynor removed to Kelvedon Hatch, where he was appointed to the sole charge. The bees bore the journey of over fifty miles admirably, not a comb in the hives being broken. Here he remained ten years, and became a correspondent to the Field and Journal of Horticulture, the only papers at that time which gave any information about bees. Through these he became acquainted with Mr. Woodbury and Mr. Carr of Newton Heath, and after some correspondence respecting the merits of the Italian bees, he determined on the first opportunity to give them a trial. In 1860 another move was made to Tonbridge, the bees being removed by van without loss, and here the wished-for opportunity for Italiauising his apiary pre- sented itself. A visit was paid to Mr. Pettitt at Hover, and several Italian queens procured and placed at the head of strong colonies. It was about this time that Mr. Raynor adopted the Woodbury frame-hive, and soon the straw skeps were displaced by the moveabk- comb hive, with all its advantages. During his five years' sojourn in Tonbrid
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