. Cyclopedia of farm crops. Farm produce; Agriculture. MUSHROOMS MUSHROOMS 477 learn to know are the Fly Agaric {Amanita mus- cai-ia, Fig. 245) and the Destroying Angel {A. phultoides, Fig. 246). In Europe, the Royal mush- room {Amanita CcFsarca, Fig. 707) is regarded as one of the most delicious wild species. It was even regarded as the chief delicacy among the mush- rooms, aside from the truffles, in the times of the Romans. That is, it is this species, probably, which in Latin literature is referred to under the name "Boletus," a term now unfortunately applied to a very different
. Cyclopedia of farm crops. Farm produce; Agriculture. MUSHROOMS MUSHROOMS 477 learn to know are the Fly Agaric {Amanita mus- cai-ia, Fig. 245) and the Destroying Angel {A. phultoides, Fig. 246). In Europe, the Royal mush- room {Amanita CcFsarca, Fig. 707) is regarded as one of the most delicious wild species. It was even regarded as the chief delicacy among the mush- rooms, aside from the truffles, in the times of the Romans. That is, it is this species, probably, which in Latin literature is referred to under the name "Boletus," a term now unfortunately applied to a very different group of fungi, as subsequently mentioned. Closely related to the genus Amanita there are field mushrooms of the genus Lepiota, which resemble fairly closely the Destroying Angel in every way except in the absence of the universal veil, or volva, at the base. It might not be advis- able, however, at the outset to use even these. Another group of the Agarics to which the ama- teur may turn his attention with no fear of harm, is that which includes the oyster mushroom {Pleu- rntus ostrcatus) and its allies. These fungi grow in the form of clusters of shelving plants, which may be found on old stumps and logs or on exposed roots where decay has set in. The clusters may attain a diameter of a foot or more, and an exami- nation of the individual plants which constitute the cluster will show that the stem is attached excentrically, or at one edge of the , in some instances the stem being greatly reduced. The gills are white and white spores are produced. The surface of the pileus varies from white to yel- lowish with age, or it may even be grayish purple in different forms and species. In most species the gills are decurrent, downward on the stem, gradually losing themselves in mere surface lines. These fungi are found abundantly in most regions of the United States from July to early winter. In the southern states they are not infre- quently found at any season so l
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