. Canadian engineer. hen so slightly de-veloped, while traf-fic was so far from having the requirements of the presentday, that one can understand why maintenance should beonly temporary work, to meet the needs of limited wheeltraffic and of trade whose rapid growth was not yet in theleast suspected. Neither had the automobile then revolu-tionized transportation, in this countrv at least. Our industry, our agriculture, our means of com-munication all were nevertheless destined to soon undergoa transformation. On the eve of such transformation, badroads, while an immense obstacle to progress an
. Canadian engineer. hen so slightly de-veloped, while traf-fic was so far from having the requirements of the presentday, that one can understand why maintenance should beonly temporary work, to meet the needs of limited wheeltraffic and of trade whose rapid growth was not yet in theleast suspected. Neither had the automobile then revolu-tionized transportation, in this countrv at least. Our industry, our agriculture, our means of com-munication all were nevertheless destined to soon undergoa transformation. On the eve of such transformation, badroads, while an immense obstacle to progress and an un-explainable economic error, were tolerated by the mass ofthe population. On the morrow, a change became neces-sary ; without insisting at once upon having macadamizedroads, public opinion called for properly kept roads or, atleast, if it did not manifest itself openly, they whose busi-ness it is to know public opinion, to listen to it, to interpretit and, at times, to forestall it and satisfy its just aspira-. Fig. 1. -Montreal=OuebecMacadam tions, did not fail in their duty and, with praiseworthyforesight, they laid the basis of a regenerative movementwhich has not ceased to grow since then. In a country of such inexhaustible resources and suchprospects for the future as Quebec, earth roads aredestined to become gravel or macadamized roads or roadstreated with bitumen or paved with concrete. This meansthat when traffic with vehicles drawn by animals, later with automobilesand motor trucks,becomes greater,then earth roadswill become insuf-ficient and will haveto be gradually re-placed by the sur-faces just mentionedor by other equiva-lent or better these factsin view, the follow-ing conditions wereimposed on munici-palities who receiv-ed grants for roadmaintenance fromthe government, theobject being tomake the work doneserve for future de-velopments. Theseconsist: (a) in low-ering the hills to agrade of 6 per loofeet, or in goingaround them ; (b) in re-making
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