. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. Seagull Channel November 6, 1989 , = m k = r = 750 10 0 9 | I ° 6 u o U a. Dogrock October 27, 1988 H.,, = m k = r! = 100 300 Time (s) 400 •= I06 o CJ I0-4 •S Q£ 0,1 Junior November 28, 1989 H.,, = m k = r!= 300 450 Time (s) 600 Figure -4. Representative examples of the temporal decay in dye concentration in the experimental emhayments. The solid curves are least-squares fits to the data using the model
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. Seagull Channel November 6, 1989 , = m k = r = 750 10 0 9 | I ° 6 u o U a. Dogrock October 27, 1988 H.,, = m k = r! = 100 300 Time (s) 400 •= I06 o CJ I0-4 •S Q£ 0,1 Junior November 28, 1989 H.,, = m k = r!= 300 450 Time (s) 600 Figure -4. Representative examples of the temporal decay in dye concentration in the experimental emhayments. The solid curves are least-squares fits to the data using the model of Equation 1. to be fertilized (Fig. 7). For example, if is 10 10 m3 s ', and the residence time is 50 s (k = s^1) for a surge channel with a volume of 10 m3 (typical values for the shore at Hopkins Marine Station), about 20% of eggs can be fer- tilized by a single male. This is two to three orders of mag- nitude larger than the fraction predicted by Denny and Shi- bata (1989) for flow outside of surge channels. Multiple males Increasing the number of males present in a surge channel increases Qs, with a concomitant increase in 0. and thereby an increase in the fraction of eggs fertilized (Fig. 8). Consider, for instance, a surge channel with the same residence time as that cited above (k = s '), but with five times the volum. ' SO m3). If this channel has an average still water depth i>, m, it has approximately 70 nr of substratum area. E\, en the fivefold increase in volume, if only 3 males are p per square meter of substratum (210 males total, a realisik \alue for wave-swept shores), 90% of eggs are expected to be fertilized. Smaller channels will have a larger ratio of substratum area to channel volume. Thus, given the same spatial density of male urchins, smaller channels will have a higher fraction of eggs fertilized. Time dependence of fertilization The time-dependent fraction of eggs fertilized is shown in Figure 9a. For realistic values of©, values
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
