. Military and religious life in the Middle Ages and at the period of the Renaissance. r to the fief—modifications that the vassal was incompetent to undertake. These gave riseto new rights, and became a fresh source of revenue to the seignior. Forinstance, the seignior was entitled—first, to the right of relief, a sum ofmoney payable by every person of full age who succeeded to the possessionof a fief, which sum became larger as the line of succession became lessdirect; secondly, to the right of alienation, payable by those who soldor alienated the fief in any way; thirdly, to the rights of e
. Military and religious life in the Middle Ages and at the period of the Renaissance. r to the fief—modifications that the vassal was incompetent to undertake. These gave riseto new rights, and became a fresh source of revenue to the seignior. Forinstance, the seignior was entitled—first, to the right of relief, a sum ofmoney payable by every person of full age who succeeded to the possessionof a fief, which sum became larger as the line of succession became lessdirect; secondly, to the right of alienation, payable by those who soldor alienated the fief in any way; thirdly, to the rights of escheat and. Fig. 12.—Act of Faith and Homage, Thirteenth Century.—Seal representing Eaimond de Mont-Dragon kneeling before the Archbishop of Aries, his Suzerain, in the National Archives ofFrance. of confiscation, in accordance with which the fief reverted to the suzerainwhen the vassal died without leaving an heir, or when, from some act of hisown, he had incurred the penalty of being deprived of his feudatory rights;fourthly, to the right of guardianship, in virtue of which the seignior, duringthe minority of his vassals, held the ward and administration of the fiefbesides enjoying its revenues ; fifthly, to the right of marriage, which con-sisted in finding a husband for the female inheritor of a fief; this right gavethe seignior the privilege of forcing her to select one of the suitors that hechose to present to her. FEUDALISM. As long as a vassal scrupulously fulfilled his numerous and delicateobligations he might consider himself as the absolute master of his fief, hemight partially or
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