. American bee journal. Bee culture; Bees. 164 AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL May 1900 diseased colonies numbering 7253 were found (valued at perhaps $40,000), it is evident that the disease was spread- ing with great rapidity, and the State of New York made a good investment in establishing inspection whereby the percentage of diseased colonies was forced down from in 1900 to in 1905. About that time other outbreaks occurred, but the percent of colonies diseased has remained low. Perhaps a better but less definite in- dication of the way in which, through inspection and education, the epidemic


. American bee journal. Bee culture; Bees. 164 AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL May 1900 diseased colonies numbering 7253 were found (valued at perhaps $40,000), it is evident that the disease was spread- ing with great rapidity, and the State of New York made a good investment in establishing inspection whereby the percentage of diseased colonies was forced down from in 1900 to in 1905. About that time other outbreaks occurred, but the percent of colonies diseased has remained low. Perhaps a better but less definite in- dication of the way in which, through inspection and education, the epidemic has been turned to the advantage of the beekeepers is in a comparison of past and present conditions in the Mohawk Valley. It appears that be- fore the outbreak of European foul- brood there were comparatively few extensive beekeepers in the valley and many uninformed and indifferent small holders. No inspection or educational system yet devised can save the care- less bee-keeper, and it is unsafe to at- tempt too much along that line, but through the efforts of the inspectors and other educational sources, the care- ful beekeepers and those who would make an effort to clean up the disease were instructed in the diagnosis and treatment, so that today they have little fear of European foulbrood. There are probably fewer beekeepers than form- erly, but undoubtedly there are more colonies of bees and the average an- nual crop is larger than before the epidemic. The epidemic has thus been turned to an actual benefit to the in- dustry through inspection. In northwestern Indiana, European foulbrood is prevalent, and probably has been present for many years. In the eastern portion of the State, Ameri- can foulbrood is abundant, and has caused enormous losses. On a brief trip of inspection, which the author took with Mr. George S. Demuth, then chief apiary inspector, but now in the Bureau of Entomology, several apia- ries in the European foulbrood terri- tory were found in which every


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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, booksubjectbees, bookyear1861