Medieval and modern times; an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . The attack upon the freedom of the press, and especially the Germany interference with the liberty of teaching in the larger institutionssuppresse 0£ iearnj[rigj which were already beginning to pride themselves ontheir scholarship and science, scandalized such progressive spiritsas Germany possessed. Yet no successful protest was raised, and 1 So called because Metternich and his sympathizers drafted them at thatfamous watering place. The immediat


Medieval and modern times; an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . The attack upon the freedom of the press, and especially the Germany interference with the liberty of teaching in the larger institutionssuppresse 0£ iearnj[rigj which were already beginning to pride themselves ontheir scholarship and science, scandalized such progressive spiritsas Germany possessed. Yet no successful protest was raised, and 1 So called because Metternich and his sympathizers drafted them at thatfamous watering place. The immediate occasion was the murder, by a student,of the man held to be responsible for turning the Tsar from liberal ideas. Europe after the Congress of Vienna 573 Germany as a whole acquiesced for a generation in Metternichssystem of discouraging reform of all kinds. Nevertheless, important progress was made in southern The southernGermany. As early as 1818 the king of Bavaria granted his states receivepeople a constitution in which he stated their rights and C3ng!1]ts2lonS,admitted them to a share in the government by establishing NOR T H. SWITZERLAND Scale of Miles 50 100 160 The Union in 1834 pp] Later additions The German Customs Union a parliament. His example was followed within two yearsby the rulers of Baden, Wurttemberg, and Hesse. Another change of importance was the gradual formation of Formationa customs union, which permitted goods to be sent freely from uniorTwith8one German state to another without the payment of duties at ?ru^sia at itseach boundary line. This yielded some of the advantagesof a political union. This economic union, of which Prussiawas the head, and from which Austria was excluded, was aharbinger of the later German Empire. 574 Medieval and Modern Times Metternichopposes revo-lutionarymovementsin Italy Italy only a geograph-ical expres-sion in 1820 Reformsintroducedin Italyduring theNapoleonicoccupation Revolutionary Tendencies in Italy, 1820-1848 116.


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