Archive image from page 192 of Discovery reports (1933) Discovery reports discoveryreports07inst Year: 1933 VERTICAL CIRCULATION IN THE OCEAN 151 to the north, but the temperature section gives a different picture. North of the con- vergence the isotherms bend towards the south and a tongue of water with temperature higher than 2° extends past latitude 64° S between the depths of 400 and 1500 m. This distribution of temperatures indicates that between these depths the current has a com- ponent which carries back to the south part of the water which has been transported to the north by the pu
Archive image from page 192 of Discovery reports (1933) Discovery reports discoveryreports07inst Year: 1933 VERTICAL CIRCULATION IN THE OCEAN 151 to the north, but the temperature section gives a different picture. North of the con- vergence the isotherms bend towards the south and a tongue of water with temperature higher than 2° extends past latitude 64° S between the depths of 400 and 1500 m. This distribution of temperatures indicates that between these depths the current has a com- ponent which carries back to the south part of the water which has been transported to the north by the pure drift current. To the north of the convergence and below the Antarctic intermediate current, processes of mixing seem to take place, and through this mixing the salinity of the sinking water increases and the temperature decreases. The returning current, which is composed of Antarctic water and deep water, therefore has a greater density than the water of the pure drift current, but before it again reaches the surface it is diluted by melting water from the ice and by precipitation, and thus a further development of the solenoid field is prevented. Fig. 2. Chart showing the location of the vertical sections. It seems, however, that only part of the water which has been transported to the north returns again to the south. In order to complete the compensation, the deep water below 1500 m. must also have a component towards the south, and finally the bottom water appears to have a component to the north. Below the vertical circulation of the upper layers, we, therefore, must have a similar circulation, which, when looking in the direction of the current, rotates clockwise, while the circulation of the upper layers rotates counter-clockwise. The possible circulations are indicated in the sections by means of arrows. In this and the following sections the arrows were first plotted by means of the temperature distribution and afterwards entered on the other diagrams. The aut
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