. Seasonal changes in chemical composition and nutritive value of native forages in a spruce-hemlock forest, southeastern Alaska. Forage plants Alaska; Plants Chemical analysis; Plants Nutrition; Plants Effect of temperature on; Forests and forestry Alaska. Results and Discussion Fiber Constituents Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), which consists mainly of the total cell wall fraction of the forage, was greatest in moss, graminoids, and shrub stems, and least in lichens, algae, forbs, and shrub leaves (table 3). Neutral detergent solubles (NDS), mainly the cell cytoplasm and its constituents, wer
. Seasonal changes in chemical composition and nutritive value of native forages in a spruce-hemlock forest, southeastern Alaska. Forage plants Alaska; Plants Chemical analysis; Plants Nutrition; Plants Effect of temperature on; Forests and forestry Alaska. Results and Discussion Fiber Constituents Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), which consists mainly of the total cell wall fraction of the forage, was greatest in moss, graminoids, and shrub stems, and least in lichens, algae, forbs, and shrub leaves (table 3). Neutral detergent solubles (NDS), mainly the cell cytoplasm and its constituents, were especially great in skunk-cabbage, heartleaf twayblade {Listera cordata), and deerberry (Maianthemum dilatatum). Lignin-cutin content, a component of NDF, was relatively great in moss, conifers, shrub stems, and spreading woodfern (Dryopteris dilatata). While NDS tends to be rapidly and completely digested by ruminants, lignin-cutin is virtually nondigestible and retards cellulose digestion (Goering and Van Soest 1970). Forbs, ferns, and half-shrubs had the greatest NDS content throughout the year (fig. 1). Conifers and shrubs, on the other hand, were consistently high in lignin/cutin (fig. 2). The fiber content and composition of conifers, forbs, and half-shrubs remained relatively stable throughout the year, whereas in shrubs, it exhibited pronounced seasonal fluctuations corresponding with the production and loss of leaves. r 70-, c 0) c 60 o u 50- 0) 40- § 3° 5 20H o> "O 75 10 k- +â > 3 0) z o- - A* Forbs & ferns a â ^Half -shrubs / a Conifers / ^Shrubs ' â Graminoids Jan. 'Feb.' Mar.' May1 Jul. 1 Aug.' Dec.' Figure 1,âSeasonal changes in the concentration of neutral detergent solubles. 25-i tent 20- conl 15- c cuti 10- ignin/ 5- _i o-. * Shrubs Conrfers â Graminoids a Half-shrubs â â O Forbs & ferns 01 Jan. 'Feb.' Mar.' May' Jul. 'Aug.' Sep.' Oct.' Nov.' Dec' Figure 2.âSeasonal changes in the concen
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