. Chambers's encyclopedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge for the people. part more than another. The ])orousbiscuit-ware rapidly absorbs the moisture, and driesup the thin film of glaze on the surface of thearticles, which are again placed in seggars, andcarried to the glaze-kiln, where they undergoanother firing, which melts the glaze, and convertsit into a j>erfectly transparent glass, like water, aUover the surface, and renders any pattern previouslyprinted uj)on it very plain. The temperature in theglaze or enamel kiln is only increased very gradu-ally, and is kejit up for about 1
. Chambers's encyclopedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge for the people. part more than another. The ])orousbiscuit-ware rapidly absorbs the moisture, and driesup the thin film of glaze on the surface of thearticles, which are again placed in seggars, andcarried to the glaze-kiln, where they undergoanother firing, which melts the glaze, and convertsit into a j>erfectly transparent glass, like water, aUover the surface, and renders any pattern previouslyprinted uj)on it very plain. The temperature in theglaze or enamel kiln is only increased very gradu-ally, and is kejit up for about 14 hours, after whichit is allowed to cool slowly, and the articles aretaken out completed. So far, this description hasapplied to the manufacture of pottery and porcelainon a large scale, for general purposes; Vnit when itis applied to more costly and artistic works, veryspecial arrangements are required ; and in the caseof remarkably fine pieces, instead of the huge kilns,which hold frequently many thousand pieces,muffle furnaces (fig. 27) are both used for the ^^S^ ^^^C3. Fig. 27. biscuit, the glaze, and the coloured and gildeddecorations, which, in porcelain, are applied on theglaze, and not on the biscuit. The decoration of porcelain has long held a highrank as a fine art; and the ex<iuisite skill shewn insome of the finest works of the continental manu-factures, and lately in those of Britain, has fairlyentitled it to that rank. The colours employed areall coloured glasses ground to impal])able jwwders,and mixed with borax or some other fluxing material;for use, they are generally made liquid with oil ofspike, and they are laid on with hair-])encils, in thesame way as oil-colours. The whole process isexactly the same as in painting or staining glass;the glaze on the biscuit-porcelain being true glass,and the enamel colours being exactly the same asthose used by the glass decorator. The colours maybe made by mixing the materials of which glassis made with the colourmg ma
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