. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. 168 Mikhail V. Kalyakin & Pavel S. Tomkovich. Fig. 3: Anatoli Bogdanov 1834-1896 half of the 19''^ century, mainly in the form of skins with labels containing scientific data. The style of col- lecting and the careful attention to scientitlc materials were formed in the museum in Bogdanov's time and became the tradition which is still followed today. At the end of the 19*11 century, Mikhail A. Menzbier published his two-volume (1,200 pages) „Birds of Russia"
. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. 168 Mikhail V. Kalyakin & Pavel S. Tomkovich. Fig. 3: Anatoli Bogdanov 1834-1896 half of the 19''^ century, mainly in the form of skins with labels containing scientific data. The style of col- lecting and the careful attention to scientitlc materials were formed in the museum in Bogdanov's time and became the tradition which is still followed today. At the end of the 19*11 century, Mikhail A. Menzbier published his two-volume (1,200 pages) „Birds of Russia" (Menzbier 1893-1895). It was the tlrst all- Russian review of birds, and it was based entirely on the collections of the ZMMU. Menzbier mentioned that Russian ornithology was far behind that of the rest of Europe and the following historical events, such as the revolution and following decades of isola- tion in Russia did not help to reduce these differences. But this book stimulated the studies - and collecting in particular - of Russian birds in all parts of this huge country. As a result of Menzbier's book and due to activities of ornithologists from , birds became the best studied animals in Russia at the turn of the cen- tury. However, the gain for the collections of the ZMMU was still low, at least much lower than that of the Zoological Institute in St. Petersburg. By 1917 the bird collection in the ZMMU numbered 10,955 spec- imens. After the October Revolution of 1917, our collection sharply increased in size. Initially this was due to pri- vate collections being donated to the ZMMU, but later special expeditions were organized, especially in the 1930s. We also suppose that the move of the country's capital from to Moscow was another reason for further collection growth; that is because from the official point of view the Zoological Institute in St. Petersburg (ZISP) had decreased in its role as an all-union centre of studies on systematic
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