. On articulate sounds : and on the causes and cure of impediments of speech. tion, andwe have confined ourselves to those which admit ofbeing illustrated by words in our own language. On the production oe A^owel Sounds by arti-ficial MECHANISM.—In a memoir presented to theRoyal Academy of St. Petersburg, in the year AETICULATE SOUNDS. 19 1779, Kratzenstein proved the practicability ofproducing the five ordinary vowel sounds by ar-tificial mechanism, which he constructed and de-scribed.* He also calculated the relative degreesof aperture necessary for the production of eachvowel. About the sam
. On articulate sounds : and on the causes and cure of impediments of speech. tion, andwe have confined ourselves to those which admit ofbeing illustrated by words in our own language. On the production oe A^owel Sounds by arti-ficial MECHANISM.—In a memoir presented to theRoyal Academy of St. Petersburg, in the year AETICULATE SOUNDS. 19 1779, Kratzenstein proved the practicability ofproducing the five ordinary vowel sounds by ar-tificial mechanism, which he constructed and de-scribed.* He also calculated the relative degreesof aperture necessary for the production of eachvowel. About the same time, De Kempelenf succeeded inproducing the vowel sounds by means of a reededfunnel-shaped apparatus, three inches deep from themouth, and two inches in diameter. By insertingthe hand, and moving it so as to vary the size of theaperture, he was able to modify the sound of thereed, so as to yield the qualities of the severalvowel sounds. Mr. Willis,! having succeeded in producing thevowel sounds on De Kempelens plan, was in-duced to try other means of accomplishing the. same effect. Having fitted a free reed, r, to thebottom of a funnel-shaped cavity half an inch deep, * Journal de Physique, vol. xxi. t Le mechanisme de la parole, suivi de la description dunemachine parlante. Vienne, 1791. X Cambridge Philosophical Transactions, vol. iii. 20 AKTICULATE SOUNDS. and two inches in diameter at the top, of whichz (fig. 2) is a section, the pipe tv standing ona wind-chest, he found that by sliding a flat board,LM, across the top of this funnel, which is onlyone-sixth the depth of De Kempelens, the handwas unnecessary; for by merely enlarging the open-ing, KL, he produced the whole series of vowelsin the order u o A e i.* He also found that cubical,and other shaped cavities answered the purposeequally well with those used by his success of these attempts induced him to trythe effect of cylindrical tubes, and for this purposehe constructed an apparatus consisting o
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1850, booksubjectspeech, bookyear1851
