Cotton weaving: its development, principles, and practice . ntwriters work on Cotton Spinning. Both warps andweft yarns were accumulated in this style. For the sakeof students who may not be in contact with either branchof the trade, several illustrations (fig. 147) are given ofcops and bobbins from the self-acting mule, and the ringspinning frame. The first two, A b, are cops from the self-acting mule, A being a cop of weft yarn, and b of warpyarn or twist as it is most commonly but erroneouslycalled. The third, C, shows the ordinary ring frame bobbinfilled with yarn ; and d a ring frame bobb
Cotton weaving: its development, principles, and practice . ntwriters work on Cotton Spinning. Both warps andweft yarns were accumulated in this style. For the sakeof students who may not be in contact with either branchof the trade, several illustrations (fig. 147) are given ofcops and bobbins from the self-acting mule, and the ringspinning frame. The first two, A b, are cops from the self-acting mule, A being a cop of weft yarn, and b of warpyarn or twist as it is most commonly but erroneouslycalled. The third, C, shows the ordinary ring frame bobbinfilled with yarn ; and d a ring frame bobbin with what istermed the parallel build. These are all shown about one-third their actual size. WINDING AND WARPING PROCESSES. 247 The first departure from the cop form of accumulatingthe yarn was made by the inventor of the Saxony or flaxspinning-wheel, on the spindle of which a flyer wascarried. In winding the yarn with this method of spin-ning it could not be coped, hence double-headed or flangedbobbins became necessary, and were accordingly W A. Fig. 147.—Mule and Ring Frame Yarns on Cops, Spool,and Bobbin. Arkwright adopted this spindle and flyer in his water-frame, and of necessity the flanged bobbin. It was con-tinued in the improved water or throstle frame, but hasin most cases been discarded in its successor, the ring spin-ning frame. In a recent and valuable invention, the improvedring spindle of Mr. Thomas Wrigley of Todmorden, thecylindrical build and the double flanged bobbin have been 248 COTTON WEAVING. reintroduced. The above illustration, d, is from bobbin. As each of these cops and bobbins contains only onestrand of yarn, it will be obvious that to put from one tothree thousand of them behind a loom in order to make awarp, would be inconvenient if not impossible, thereforesome intermediate process or processes are necessary.
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookpublisheretcet, bookyear1895
