. Electric railways; a treatise on the modern development of electric traction, including practical instruction in the latest approved methods of electric equipment and operation . thinl clay allirrej^ularities are puttied up smooth. Ou the fourth and fifth days aheavy primer is applied, one coat ou each day. A coat of tiller is gi\euou the sixth day and allowed to harden the following day. The next paintapplied is termed a guide coat. This is of a color diflereut froui the pre-ceding ones and serves as a guide for tlie rubbers, wlio on the followingday go over the ear with mineral wool, line


. Electric railways; a treatise on the modern development of electric traction, including practical instruction in the latest approved methods of electric equipment and operation . thinl clay allirrej^ularities are puttied up smooth. Ou the fourth and fifth days aheavy primer is applied, one coat ou each day. A coat of tiller is gi\euou the sixth day and allowed to harden the following day. The next paintapplied is termed a guide coat. This is of a color diflereut froui the pre-ceding ones and serves as a guide for tlie rubbers, wlio on the followingday go over the ear with mineral wool, line saudpaj)er, or pumice stoueand rub it until the guide coat is worn away. This assures an even andsmooth surface. Ou the tenth day the car is allowed to staiul. A coat ofthe color desired is aiiplied, one on each of the following tiiree (htys. Outhe f<nuteeuth and lifteentii days tlie car is striped witli tlie desired orna-ments and lettered. This is usually done in aluniinuni or gold leaf. Thecar is then gi\ en tliree coats of varnish on alternate days, and the work iscom|)leted. The best practice brings the cars in once each year to berevarnisheil. UBRABY OF THE ikt/A!. z o HU 3PSH to Z ou < ^ H ^ S • PC X u ■J<o OuH ELECTRIC RAILWAYS, OVERHEAD CONSTRUCTION. • Trolley Wire. T^he trolley wire is suspended from the spanwires or brackets in such a way as to permit of an uninterruptedpassage of an upward pressing trolley wheel underneath it. Thetrolley wire itself may be either round, grooved, or figure 8 in a round v/ire is used. No. 00 B. & S. gauge is themost common size. Figure 8 wire, so called from its sec-tion, which is shown in Fig. 04, is designed to present asmooth under surface to the trolley wheel, wliich will notbe interrupted by the clamps or ears used to support are fastened to the upper part of the figin-e ^lie grooved wire is rolled with grooves into which the pjir. clamps fasten. This wire also presents asmo


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