. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. 40 The Pines yellowish brown, partially opening and slowly shedding the seed during the fall and winter and often remaimng on the branches for another season. The scales are thick and wide, rounded at the apex, thickened into an elongated and trans- versely flattened knob, terminated by a strong, flattened, strongly upcurved spine to 4 cm. long; the scales are dull dark purple on the unexposed faces. The seed is oval,
. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. 40 The Pines yellowish brown, partially opening and slowly shedding the seed during the fall and winter and often remaimng on the branches for another season. The scales are thick and wide, rounded at the apex, thickened into an elongated and trans- versely flattened knob, terminated by a strong, flattened, strongly upcurved spine to 4 cm. long; the scales are dull dark purple on the unexposed faces. The seed is oval, compressed, 12 mm. long, dark brown and ridged, encircled by a wing with thickened inner margin, broadest near the oblique apex, nearly twice longer than the seed, brown, shining, and striped by dark lines and separating from both seed and cone-scales; cotyledons about 12. The wood is soft, weak, brittle, coarse-grained, light red, with wide conspic- uous resin bands and very large resin-ducts; its specific gravity is about It is sometimes used as fuel. It is successfully grown in western Europe and is admired for its general beauty and large cones. 29. KNOB CONE PINE —Pinus attenuata Lemmon A tree of dry mountain sides at altitudes of from 300 to 1500 meters from Oregon to southern CaUfomia, remarkable for its growth in poor dry soils and attaining a maximum height of 30 meters, with a trunk diameter of dm.; often, however, it is but 6 me- ters tall with a trunk diameter of 3 dm. and often fruiting when less than 2 meters high. The trunk is often forked above the middle into 2 trunk-like branches; the branches are relatively slender, in regular distant whorls, horizontal, curving upward at the tips and forming a broad-based compact cone, becoming a narrow and round-headed tree when old. The bark is up to 12 mm. thick, somewhat shallowly fissured into irregular, loose, dark, sometimes purplish plates, but smooth, close, and pale brown, on yoimger stems. The twigs a
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