sepulchral caves cave cliffs cliff wady mouse Mount Seir Judah tomb dead burial chamber cemetery grave Crypts Hypogeum tombs
Mount Seir (Hebrew: הַר-שֵׂעִיר; Har Se'ir) formed the south-east border of Edom and Judah, it may also echo the older historical border of Egypt and Canaan. Hypogeum or hypogaeum (plural hypogea) literally means "underground", from Greek hypo (under) and gaia (earth). It usually refers to an underground, non-Christian temple or a tomb. When Christian underground shrines, crypts and tombs that would be hypogea if the rites and burials were pagan, are called catacombs rather than hypogea, a mistaken discontinuity in sepulture practices is implied that is not borne out by the archeology and history. "Like other ambitious Romans, the bishop-saints of the third and fourth centuries were usually buried in hypogea in the cemeteries outside the walls of their cities; often it was only miracles at their tombs that caused their successors to adopt more up-to-date designs. In Dijon the saint and bishop Benignus (d. c. 274) was buried in a large sarcophagus in a chamber tomb in the Roman cemetery. By the sixth century the tomb had long since fallen into disrepair and was regarded as pagan, even by Bishop Gregory of Langres", Werner Jacobsen has observed.
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