Dante Alighieri, his life and works . which Dantes remains were found at Ravenna in 1865 115 11. Portrait of Dante (from Codex 1040 in the Riccardi Library at Florence) iig 12. Portrait of Dante by Giotto in the Bargello at Florence (from a drawing by Seymour Kirkup) . ... 128 13. Mask of Dante in the Ufifizi at Florence (formerly in the possession of the Marchese Torrigiani) ..... 137 14. Bronze bust of Dante at Naples 141 15. Dante and his book (from the picture by Domenico di Michelino, in the Duomo at Florence) 193 16. Dante Alighieri (from the painting by Andrea del Castagno, in the Museo
Dante Alighieri, his life and works . which Dantes remains were found at Ravenna in 1865 115 11. Portrait of Dante (from Codex 1040 in the Riccardi Library at Florence) iig 12. Portrait of Dante by Giotto in the Bargello at Florence (from a drawing by Seymour Kirkup) . ... 128 13. Mask of Dante in the Ufifizi at Florence (formerly in the possession of the Marchese Torrigiani) ..... 137 14. Bronze bust of Dante at Naples 141 15. Dante and his book (from the picture by Domenico di Michelino, in the Duomo at Florence) 193 16. Dante Alighieri (from the painting by Andrea del Castagno, in the Museo Nazionale at Florence) 231 Thou knowst perchance how Phoebus self did guideOur Tuscan Dante up the lofty sideOf snow-clad Cyrrha; how our Poet wonParnassus peak, and founts of Helicon;How with Apollo, ranging wide, he spedThrough Natures whole domain, and visitedImperial Rome, and Paris, and so passedOer seas to Britains distant shores at last. (Boccaccio to Petrarch) the grete poete ol YtailleThat highte Dant. Chaucer, Monks Tale. PART IGUELFS AND GHIBELLINES ^ CHAPTER I 1215-1250 Oiigin of the names—Distinguishing principles of the two parties inItaly—Introduction of the parties into Florence—The Ghibellines withthe aid of Frederick II expel the Guelfs from Florence—Return of theGuelfs after the Emperors death, and pacification between the twoparties. NORTHERN ITALY in the middle of the thirteenthcentury, at the time of Dantes birth,^ was dividedinto two great political parties, of which the one, knownby the name of Guelfs, looked to the Pope as their head,while the others, the Ghibellines, looked to the distinctive titles of these two parties were of Germanorigin, being merely Italianized forms (Guelfo and Ghi-bellino) of the two German names Wei/and former of these was the name of an illustrious family,several members of which had successively been Dukes ofBavaria in the teatli- and elev^iHi centuries. The heiressof the last of these inte
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