The Andes of southern Peru . by instrumental variations, sincethey are referred to topographic features. It appears to be im-possible to rely upon present records for small changes possiblyrelated to minor climatic cycles because of a lack of standardiza-tion of observations. Nothing in the world seems simpler at first sight than an ob-servation on the elevation of the snowline. Yet it can be demon-strated that large numbers of observers have merely noted theposition of temporary snow. It is strongly urged that evidencesof nivation serve henceforth as proof of permanent snow and thatphotograph


The Andes of southern Peru . by instrumental variations, sincethey are referred to topographic features. It appears to be im-possible to rely upon present records for small changes possiblyrelated to minor climatic cycles because of a lack of standardiza-tion of observations. Nothing in the world seems simpler at first sight than an ob-servation on the elevation of the snowline. Yet it can be demon-strated that large numbers of observers have merely noted theposition of temporary snow. It is strongly urged that evidencesof nivation serve henceforth as proof of permanent snow and thatphotographic records be kept for comparison. In this way meas-urements of changes in the level of the snowline may be accuratelymade and the snow cover used as a climatic gauge. Farther west in the Maritime Cordillera, the snowline rises to18,000 feet on the northern slopes of the mountains and to 17,000feet on the southern slopes. The top of the pass above Cotahuasi,17,600 feet (5,360 m.), was snow-free in October, 1911, but the 724o. I350 72%0 THE TOPOSRAPHIC ENGRAVING CO. WAPH. [j, f Edition of 1916. 4-°20 THE YALE PERUVIAN EXPEDITION OF 1911- HIRAM BINGHAM, DIRECTOR ANTABAlvtEA OUADKAKGJIE


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidandeso, booksubjectgeology