. Cassier's magazine . piping to prevent the petroleum from flowing out untilthe well can be connected with areservoir. Laws have been enactedto prevent gushing, and requiringflowing wells to be capped unlessconnected with a storage depot byconduit. In the Eastern and West-ern oil fields thousands of abandonedwells have been examined and de-posits of oil found that can be drawnto the surface. Consequently, a largequantity of the liquid in fields sup-posed to be exhausted is being se-cured by pumping systems operatedby steam or electricity, where elec-tric transmission is available. It may be s
. Cassier's magazine . piping to prevent the petroleum from flowing out untilthe well can be connected with areservoir. Laws have been enactedto prevent gushing, and requiringflowing wells to be capped unlessconnected with a storage depot byconduit. In the Eastern and West-ern oil fields thousands of abandonedwells have been examined and de-posits of oil found that can be drawnto the surface. Consequently, a largequantity of the liquid in fields sup-posed to be exhausted is being se-cured by pumping systems operatedby steam or electricity, where elec-tric transmission is available. It may be said that the StandardOil Company is largely responsiblefor the present efficient and eco-nomical system for conserving ourpetroleum resources. With its broadfacilities, it has been able to con-struct pipe lines, storage reservoirs,and to convert the petroleum intoliterally hundreds of different com-modities, such as illuminating oils,gasoline for motor power, lubricants,also soaps and medicines. Connect- OIL FIELDS i5. STARTING A NEW TOWN IN AN OIL DISTRICT ing its sources of supply with its re-fineries and reservoirs are trunkconduits extending from the Missis-sippi river to the Eastern these trunk lines come feedersfrom the well districts. Altogether, the Standard Oil Com-pany operates nineteen large re-fineries. The largest of the nine-teen is the one at Bayonne, N. J. Itcovers an area of 400 acres and em-ploys 6,000 men. Within its build-ings are carried on a great manyauxiliary industries, aside from themere distillation of the oil. In onepart of the workings is a remarkableapparatus that performs several dif-ferent operations—making the oilcans, filling them with oil and plac-ing them in packing cases by meansof conveyors at the rate of 60,000cans a day. From it emerge the com-pleted packages, carried on an end-less belt to the shipping the machine the tin plate ofthe top, bottom and sides of each canare stamped out and crimped to-gether. The can
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