. Gray's new manual of botany. A handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Botany. 224. 0. lancastriensis. 225. C. short-cylindric or obovoid close heads, soon reflexed, cm. long, of 3-6 narrow scales, the upper and lower empty, nearly twice the length of the linear-oblong acheue. — Kich soil, N. J. and Pa. to Ga. Fig. 224. 25. C. hystricinus Fernald. Slender; the smooth rigid culm 2-5 dm. high, much exceed- ing the stiff narrow (2-5 mm. broad) smooth leaves; umbel of 3-10 siQiple smooth rays, mostly sh
. Gray's new manual of botany. A handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Botany. 224. 0. lancastriensis. 225. C. short-cylindric or obovoid close heads, soon reflexed, cm. long, of 3-6 narrow scales, the upper and lower empty, nearly twice the length of the linear-oblong acheue. — Kich soil, N. J. and Pa. to Ga. Fig. 224. 25. C. hystricinus Fernald. Slender; the smooth rigid culm 2-5 dm. high, much exceed- ing the stiff narrow (2-5 mm. broad) smooth leaves; umbel of 3-10 siQiple smooth rays, mostly shorter than the involucre; spikelets 1-2- flowered, subulate, rigid, 3-7 mm. long, densely crowded in cylindric or narrowly obovoid heads ( cm. long), strongly reflexed, golden-brown at maturity; scales closely appressed, the fertile strongly nerved, the terminal involute-subulate ; achene linear, mm. long. — Dry sand, N. J. to Ga. Fig. 225. 26. C. dipsacifdrmis Fernald. Culm scabrous, at least above, dm. high; leaves shorter than the culm, scabrous-hispid above, 4-9 mm. wide; umbel 4-12-rayed, some of the smooth rays equaling the involucre; spikelets 1—3-flo\vered, subulate, rigid, 6-11 mm. long, crowded in cylindric or subcylindric heads ( cm. long), strongly deflexed, yellow-brown at maturity ; fertile scales with green midribs ; achene 3 mm. long. — Sandy barrens and dry woods, N. J. to Ky. and Ga. Fio. 226. 27. C. retroMctus (L.) Torr. Culm ( m. high) minutely downy and rough on the obtusish angles; leaves hairy, short and stiff, cm. wide, the margins becom- ing revolute ; umbel with 4-12 upright usu- ally scabrous rays mostly longer than the involucre; spikelets slender-awl-shaped, very numerous in turbinate-obovoid greenish or drab heads ( cm. long), soon strongly reflexed, 1-2-flowered in the middle (5-8 mm. long) ; scales usually 4 or 5, the two lowest ovate and empty, the fertile lanceolate and pointed, the upper- most invo
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