. Chambers's encyclopedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge for the people. , a genus of binls of tluifamily AlciduE (see Auk), or constituting the familyAptenodidoe, regarded by many as a sub-family ofAkidce, and divided into several genera or sub-genera. They have short wings, quite unlit forSight, but covered with short rigid si-ale-likefeathers, admirably adapted for swimming, andmuch like the of turtles. The legs are veryshort, and are placed very far back, so on landIH3nguin3 rest on the tai-sus, which is wi<lened likethesole of the foot of a quadruped, and maintai
. Chambers's encyclopedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge for the people. , a genus of binls of tluifamily AlciduE (see Auk), or constituting the familyAptenodidoe, regarded by many as a sub-family ofAkidce, and divided into several genera or sub-genera. They have short wings, quite unlit forSight, but covered with short rigid si-ale-likefeathers, admirably adapted for swimming, andmuch like the of turtles. The legs are veryshort, and are placed very far back, so on landIH3nguin3 rest on the tai-sus, which is wi<lened likethesole of the foot of a quadruped, and maintain aI)erfectly erect posture. Their bones, unlike thoseof birds in general, are hard, conipa«t, and heavy,and have no air-cavities ; those of the extreinitieacontain an oily marrow. The body is of an elliptical 374 PENICILLAEIA—PENITENTIAEIES. form; the neck of moderate length; the headsmall; the bill moderately long, straight, more orless compressed; the tail very short. Some ofthem have a long, slender, and pointed bill, theupper mandible a little curved at the tip, and. Penguin {Aptenodytes pennatis), feathered for about a third of its length; some,sometimes called Gorfews or Gorfous (Chrysoroma)have a stout and pointed bill, a little curved at thetip; some, Sphenisques or Spheniscans (Spheniscus),have a straight and compressed bill, irregularlyfurrowed at the base. The Penguins are all amongthe most aquatic birds, although they are seldomBeen very far out at sea; but it is only in thebreeding season that they spend much time onshore. They are found only in the southern hemi-sphere, and chiefly in high southern latitudes,although some of the species extend into warmregions, as Spheniscus Humboldtii to the coast ofPeru. Of this species, which is called Paxaro niiio,or Child Bird, by the Peruvians, Tschudi statesthat it is easily tamed, becomes very sociable, andfollows its master like a dog, waddling along in avery amusing manner with its plump body andshort legs, keeping i
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