. Bacteriology and the public health. Bacteriology; Public health. CHOLERA 385 of fact, wc know too little as yet concerning either form to dogmatise on the matter. Until 1884 practically nothing was known about the etiology of cholera. In that year, however, Koch greatly added to our knowledge by isolating a spirillum from the intestine, and in the dejecta of persons suffering from the disease. Cholera has its home in the delta of the Ganges. From this endemic area it spreads in epidemics to various parts of the world, often following lines of communication. Cholera is generally conveyed by m
. Bacteriology and the public health. Bacteriology; Public health. CHOLERA 385 of fact, wc know too little as yet concerning either form to dogmatise on the matter. Until 1884 practically nothing was known about the etiology of cholera. In that year, however, Koch greatly added to our knowledge by isolating a spirillum from the intestine, and in the dejecta of persons suffering from the disease. Cholera has its home in the delta of the Ganges. From this endemic area it spreads in epidemics to various parts of the world, often following lines of communication. Cholera is generally conveyed by means of water. It is a disease which is characterised by acute intestinal irritation, manifesting itself by profuse diarrhoea and general systemic disturbance accompanied by collapse, cramps, cardiac depression, subnormal temperature, and suppression of urine. The incubation period varies from only a few hours to several days. In the intestine, and setting up its pathological condition, are the specific bacteria, in the general circula- tion their toxic products bringing about the systemic changes. The spirillum of Asiatic cholera (Koch, 1884) generally appears in the body and in artificial culture, broken into bacillary elements known as " ; These are curved rods with round ends, showing an almost equal diameter throughout, and some- times united in pairs or even in chains (spirillum). The latter rarely occurs in the intestine, but may be seen in fluid cultures. The common site for Koch's Ro" 8^tST(S^?oama comma is in the intestinal wall, crowd- ing the tubules of the intestinal glands situated ltd ween the epi- thelium and the basement membrane, abundant in the detached Hakes of mucous membrane, and free in the contents of the intes- tine. The bacilli are present in enormous numbers, and lie usually with their long axes in the same direction, giving the "fish in stream" appearance (Koch). The bacilli do not occur in the blood, nor are they dist
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