. The Bell System technical journal . T GRADIENTNO. 2REGION OF \ ^ \^ SUPER COOLING ^^^^ LIQUIDUS DISTANCE, X DISTANCE, X Fig. 7 — Schematic solute concentration and temperature curves in liquid, .near freezing interface, illustrating constitutional supercooling. The left edgeof each diagram represents the solid-liquid interface. on the single crystal germanium seed. In order to achieve this situation,it is essential that no stable nuclei form. Thus, not only must the tem-perature of the liquid zone be above its freezing point everywhere exceptat the interface, but the liquid must also be free
. The Bell System technical journal . T GRADIENTNO. 2REGION OF \ ^ \^ SUPER COOLING ^^^^ LIQUIDUS DISTANCE, X DISTANCE, X Fig. 7 — Schematic solute concentration and temperature curves in liquid, .near freezing interface, illustrating constitutional supercooling. The left edgeof each diagram represents the solid-liquid interface. on the single crystal germanium seed. In order to achieve this situation,it is essential that no stable nuclei form. Thus, not only must the tem-perature of the liquid zone be above its freezing point everywhere exceptat the interface, but the liquid must also be free of foreign bodies that canct as nuclei. Furthermore, temperature fluctuations are to be avoided. The requirement that the liquid temperature be above its freezingpoint necessitates a slow growth rate because of what has been termedconstitutional supercooling.^^ This phenomenon can best be describedwith the aid of Fig. 7. The freezing point of a liquid is depressed by in-creasing concentration of solutes ha
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjecttechnology, bookyear1
