. History of Rome and the Popes in the Middle Ages . t the Mausoleum of Augustus,near the Porto di Ripetta. The elevation here is so slight thaton this side the Campus Martius is constantly exposed to therisk of inundation, as is sufficiently proved by the records of threeand twenty floods experienced during antiquity. The river againwinds at the point where, bending still more sharply to the eastthan before, it encircles the old island of yEsculapius, and is thenforced back by the foot of the Capitoline Hill. After quittingthe city and receiving several tiny streamlets from the WesternCampagn
. History of Rome and the Popes in the Middle Ages . t the Mausoleum of Augustus,near the Porto di Ripetta. The elevation here is so slight thaton this side the Campus Martius is constantly exposed to therisk of inundation, as is sufficiently proved by the records of threeand twenty floods experienced during antiquity. The river againwinds at the point where, bending still more sharply to the eastthan before, it encircles the old island of yEsculapius, and is thenforced back by the foot of the Capitoline Hill. After quittingthe city and receiving several tiny streamlets from the WesternCampagna, it is joined about midway between the Aurelian citywall and the Basilica of St. Paul by its other tributary, the smallriver Almo (the so-called Maranna dell Acquatoccio), which flowsfrom the heights of Marino. 109. During Imperial days a great many bridges joined thecity on the left bank with the sparsely populated right most northerly bridge was the Pons /Elius (111. 29), nowknown as the Ponte Sant Angelo ; the belief that there was a. 111. 29.—The Pons ^Elius, or Ponte Sant in accordance with the new evidence obtained from the excavations. so-called Triumphal Bridge still higher up has latterly beenproved a mistake. The Pons sElius was specially built by theEmperor Hadrian- to connect his magnificent mausoleum (nowthe Castle of Sant Angelo) with the city. Recent work at thisspot has proved that a causeway led directly from the bridge tothe mausoleum (111. 29, A). To the left of the bridge an inclinedway ascended in the direction of the Vatican Hill (towards ), a similar one on the right led to the Gardens of Domitia(Prati di Castello). The Pons sElius is the only ancient bridge 1 See the Constantinian Catalogue in Richter, Topographic, p. 189. Cp. below,p. 158, note 1. 2 From Hulsens essay in the Mittheilungen des archaolog. Instituts, 1893, P- 322« 154 ROME AND THE POPES [No. no at Rome in a tolerable state of preservation. Besid
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