. Outlines of nineteenth century history. ous will of his own. His rela-tions with Bismarck became strained, and the aged Chancellorwas brusquely dismissed (March 18, 1890). Many felt that theyouthful Emperor had treated the creator of the Empire and the maker of the imperial fortunesof the House of Hohenzollernwith gross ingratitude. On theother hand, the friends of theEmperor liken Bismarck toWallenstein, and accuse him ofaiming at something likesovereign sway in a provinceappertaining to the Emperor. 9The young Emperors rulesince his dismissal of Bismarckhas been a very personal woul
. Outlines of nineteenth century history. ous will of his own. His rela-tions with Bismarck became strained, and the aged Chancellorwas brusquely dismissed (March 18, 1890). Many felt that theyouthful Emperor had treated the creator of the Empire and the maker of the imperial fortunesof the House of Hohenzollernwith gross ingratitude. On theother hand, the friends of theEmperor liken Bismarck toWallenstein, and accuse him ofaiming at something likesovereign sway in a provinceappertaining to the Emperor. 9The young Emperors rulesince his dismissal of Bismarckhas been a very personal would have made an idealdivine-right king in those hal-cyon days for autocratic rulerswhen there were no representa-tive assemblies. The remarkable growth, inspite of the opposition of theEmperor, of the party knownFig. 12. —Emperor William II as the Social Democrats, who(From a photograph) advocate an extreme pro- gramme of social and industrial reform, is one of the mostnoteworthy facts connected with the domestic history of 9 In his retirement at Friedrichsruh, an estate which was a gift to him from thegrateful Emperor William I, Bismarck played the part of a German hurled defiance at all his enemies and did not scruple to subject the policies ofthe Emperor and his ministers to the most caustic criticism. The ex-Chancellor diedin 1898, being then in his eighty-fourth year. 1° In 1871 this party cast a vote of about 124,000; in 1903 its vote reached thesurprising figure of over 2,911,000, more than a third of the total vote cast. Thisregistered it as the second strongest party in the Empire. BIBLIOGRAPHY 71 Selections from the Sources. — Translations and Reprints, vol. i, No. 3, for The Act of Confederation and other documents (ed. by JamesHarvey Robinson). Bismarck, the Man and the Statesman (being Reflec-tions and Reminiscences of Otto Prince von Bismarck, written and dictatedby himself after his retirement from office ; ed. by A. J. Butler). Mo
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