New Physiognomy : or signs of character, as manifested through temperament and external forms, and especially in the "the human face divine." . stotle issaid to be the author of a trea-tise on it, which Diogenes Laer-tius cites in his Life of Aris-totle. The Sophists generallytaught the correspondence be-tween the internal character andthe external developments, with-out being able to explain it. When the physiognomist Zo^pyrus declared Socrates to bestupid, brutal, sensual, and adrunkard, the philosopher de-fended him, saying: By na-ture I am addicted to all these vices, and they were restrai
New Physiognomy : or signs of character, as manifested through temperament and external forms, and especially in the "the human face divine." . stotle issaid to be the author of a trea-tise on it, which Diogenes Laer-tius cites in his Life of Aris-totle. The Sophists generallytaught the correspondence be-tween the internal character andthe external developments, with-out being able to explain it. When the physiognomist Zo^pyrus declared Socrates to bestupid, brutal, sensual, and adrunkard, the philosopher de-fended him, saying: By na-ture I am addicted to all these vices, and they were restrainedand vanquished only by the continual practice of virtue. The Greek authors on this subject, whose writings havebeen preserved, were collected and published at Altenburgh,Germany, in 1780, under the title of Physiognomiae VeteresScriptores Grseci. Among the Romans, physiognomy had its professors whodisgraced it by connecting it with prognostications of futureevents; just as the astrologers of the day degraded seems to have been somewhat devoted to it. He de-fines it as the art of discovering the manners and disposition. Fig. 2. - Plato. INTRODUCTION. XV of men by observing their bodily characters—the characterof the face, the eyes, and the forehead. The remark of JuHiisCaesar on the physiognomy of Cassius and Antony is wellknown,* and we have a very striking physiognomical descri]>tion of the Emperor Tiberius by Suetonius. During the dark ages, physiognomy, like most other branchesof knowledge, became greatly obscured. It Avas generallyconnected with astrology, magic, and particularly with chiro-mancy and chirography. On the dawning of more enlight-ened days, it was either entirely rejected or received withsuspicion, on account of the company in which it was found. In 1598, Baptista Porta, a man distinguished in his day forhis attainments in science, published in Naples a folio entitled De Humana Physiognomia, which is said to entitle him tobe considered
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