. History of Rome and the Popes in the Middle Ages . lace in the annals of Rome, but is also, from oth a topographical and monumental standpoint, one of the mostimportant and most attractive memorials of the Eternal 1. L i6z ROME AND THE POPES [No. 115 The earliest city wall is that ascribed to Servius, a mightyproduct of the kingly period, but having a smaller area than theAurelian Wall. Its course was mostly along the summit of theseven hills we have just described. As Rome subsequently hadfar outgrown this girdle, the Emperors Aurelian (270-275) andProbus (276-282), spurred on by
. History of Rome and the Popes in the Middle Ages . lace in the annals of Rome, but is also, from oth a topographical and monumental standpoint, one of the mostimportant and most attractive memorials of the Eternal 1. L i6z ROME AND THE POPES [No. 115 The earliest city wall is that ascribed to Servius, a mightyproduct of the kingly period, but having a smaller area than theAurelian Wall. Its course was mostly along the summit of theseven hills we have just described. As Rome subsequently hadfar outgrown this girdle, the Emperors Aurelian (270-275) andProbus (276-282), spurred on by the menace of an invasion bythe barbarians, who had already reached the Metaurus, enclosedthe city within a wall of considerably greater length. This wall begins where the Tiber, descending from the north,reaches Rome nigh by the Flaminian Gate. At first it skirts theleft bank of the river, alongside the Campus Martins, thence itcontinues past the ^Elian Bridge (now the Ponte Sant Angelo)to the Aurelian or Valentinian Bridge (now Ponte Sisto). Here. 111. 31.—The Aurelian Wall from it crosses to the farther side of the Tiber, turns back along the!right bank, and, ascending to the summit of the Janiculus, whereits course is still shown by vast ruins, it attains the castle whichonce crowned the height, the Arx Ianiculensis. Thence it takesa south-easterly direction down to the Porta Portuensis, near tc!which the Tiber again flows away from the city. Thus only the;southern portion of the right bank—the Transtiberine region—!was enclosed by the city wall, not the northern part where thfjSt. Peter Basilica stands. The Vatican region was not surroundecby a wall till long after, and had good cause to regret its defencelessness. The Aurelian Wall recommences its course along the lefbank, and from this point it is almost everywhere in evidencat the present day, though what we see has frequently bee 1 Guhl-Koner, Das Leben der G?iechen unci Rotner nach antike
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