Electrochemical and metallurgical industry . Patent 779,384, Jan-uary 3, 1905. Application filed April 12, 1902; dividedand refiled May 11, process is intended especially for the electroly sis of aque-ous solutions of alkali metal salts, and its distinguishing fea-ture is the liberation and recovery of the products formed atthe cathode, in the presence of a liquid which is substantiallyimmiscible with and inert towards the products. The appa-ratus, as applied to the electrolysis of an aqueous solution ofsodium chloride with production of caustic soda and chlorine,is shown in transvers
Electrochemical and metallurgical industry . Patent 779,384, Jan-uary 3, 1905. Application filed April 12, 1902; dividedand refiled May 11, process is intended especially for the electroly sis of aque-ous solutions of alkali metal salts, and its distinguishing fea-ture is the liberation and recovery of the products formed atthe cathode, in the presence of a liquid which is substantiallyimmiscible with and inert towards the products. The appa-ratus, as applied to the electrolysis of an aqueous solution ofsodium chloride with production of caustic soda and chlorine,is shown in transverse vertical section in Fig. 3. It comprisesa central anode compartment i and two cathode compart-ments 3, 3. The anode compartment is filled with the sodiumchloride solution, a continuous flow from below upwards be-ing maintained by means of pipe 11 and outlet 12. Theanodes 2 are plates of Acheson graphite, carried by a con-ductor bar 2 of similar material. Diaphragms 5 of asbestosor other suitable pervious material separate the anode com-. FIG. 3.—DI,\PHRAGM CELL FORELECTROLYSIS OF SODIUMCHLORIDE. partnient from the compartments. They arc sup-ported between the perforated sheet m«tal or wire gauzecathodes 4 and the plates 6, which latter have numeroussmall perforations, except at their upper portions. Theseplates may be of hard rubber, , hardened asbestos or other suitable non-con-ducting material. Plates , preferably of iron, areplaced i)arallel to the cathodesin such a manner as to pro-vide a comparatively narrowspace between them and thecathodes, while leaving a rel-atively wide space towardsthe outer wall of the cathodecompartments. Coils 8, 8 areintroduced for heating orcooling the liquid in order tomaintain its temperature atany desired point. The liquidin the lateral compartmentsshould be of such characteras to separate readily fromthe caustic soda and to be soinert with respect to thecaustic that it will not under-go any rapid, injurious cha
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