. A description and history of vegetable substances, used in the arts, and in domestic economy . those which arechosen for removing the cork. The bark is cleftlongitudinally, at certain intervals, down to thecrown of tlie root, with an axe, of which the handleterminates in a wedge; and a circular incision isthen made from each extremity of tlie longitudinalcuts. The bark is then beaten, to detach it from theliber; and it is lifted up by introducing the wedgedhandle, taking care to leave sufficient of the inner THE CORK OAK. 15 laminsD upon the wood, without which precaution thetree would certa
. A description and history of vegetable substances, used in the arts, and in domestic economy . those which arechosen for removing the cork. The bark is cleftlongitudinally, at certain intervals, down to thecrown of tlie root, with an axe, of which the handleterminates in a wedge; and a circular incision isthen made from each extremity of tlie longitudinalcuts. The bark is then beaten, to detach it from theliber; and it is lifted up by introducing the wedgedhandle, taking care to leave sufficient of the inner THE CORK OAK. 15 laminsD upon the wood, without which precaution thetree would certainly die. The bark being- thus removed,it is divided into convenient lengths; and it is thenflattened, and slig-htly charred, to contract the substance is the rough cork cf commerce; andit is thus tit to be cut into floats, stoppers, shoe-soles, and other articles of domestic use, by themanufacturer. Tlie cork of the best quality is firm,elastic, and of a slightly red colour. Two thousandfive hundred tons of cork were imported into theUnited Kingdom in 1827. Cork burned in vessels. Cork Tree in the Botanic Garden, Chelsea; 1829. c2 16 VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES. of a particular construction gives the substance calledSpanish black. The Oak from which the nut-ccalls of commerceare procured (Quercus infectoria) is minutely de-scribed by M. Olivier, in his travels. The species isvery common in Asia-Minor; but, till the time ofthis traveller, Europeans had very little informationon the subject, althoug^h the 2;alls were a considerablearticle of commerce. It is a shrub, seldom exceedingsix feet in height; and it has not only been accuratelydescribed by M. Olivier, but was introduced by hiniinto France, where it is cultivated as a garden shrub,and grows well in the open air. The gall is a morbid excrescence produced by thepuncture of a winged insect, to which Olivier has giventhe name of Diploltpu GallcB Tinctori(B. This ex-crescence is of a globular form, Avith an unequal andtub
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