. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. Figure 3. (A) Megophrys carinensis, AM 23965, ventral view of ethmoid and vomer; (B) A/legophrys robusfa, MCZ 25735, ventral view of ethmoid, ethmoid cartilage stippled; both X 3. — . — . — . — . — = dorsal border of ethmoid roof; L = lateral process; P = palatine articulation surface; T=. turbinal fold in cartilage; V = vomer; W = lateral wing. (MCZ 64374, cleared and stained) has an irregular sternal ossification (Fig. 9d) in the stylar region, and an ossified, paired omosternum as well. Although this con- dition ha
. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. Figure 3. (A) Megophrys carinensis, AM 23965, ventral view of ethmoid and vomer; (B) A/legophrys robusfa, MCZ 25735, ventral view of ethmoid, ethmoid cartilage stippled; both X 3. — . — . — . — . — = dorsal border of ethmoid roof; L = lateral process; P = palatine articulation surface; T=. turbinal fold in cartilage; V = vomer; W = lateral wing. (MCZ 64374, cleared and stained) has an irregular sternal ossification (Fig. 9d) in the stylar region, and an ossified, paired omosternum as well. Although this con- dition has not yet been described in a fossil Scaphiopus and I have not checked it in S. holbrooki, it is possible that some ossifi- cation is the primitive condition in Scaphio- pus. Ethmoid The ethmoid shows considerable inter- generic variation in general shape, and since it is often found in fossils it can be useful in identification. I lack sufficient material for a meaningful study on intra- generic variation, but the material available seems to be relatively consistent and to demonstrate that some species may be identifiable on this basis as well. In Megophrys the ethmoid is pinched-in ventrally, but develops lateral wings dor- sally, giving a rhombic shape to the dorsal surface of the bone. In Leptobrachium no lateral wings are present and the ethmoid is hour-glass shaped. The lateral processes (Fig. 3) are prominent, but are not strongly separated from the anterior process by emargination in the choanal region. The palatines underlie the lateral processes and the vomers he along the lateral sides of the anterior process. Internally there is only a faint development of a turbinal fold between lateral and anterior processes, if it is present at all (Fig. 4); however, a turbinal fold is present in cartilage. The internal surface is flattened dorsoventrally and the capsule area is completely roofed by the ethmoid; only at the anterior end is it covered by the nasal. In Pe
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