The American annual of photography . l way. In 1850 came the Collodion Process by Frederick ScottArcher of London. Positive pictures by this process weremade to stand out against black velvet in white, or the positivepicture was produced on japanned iron plates, or japannedleather. The latter is illustrated by the picture of the Author(Figure i) taken in 1859, just twenty years after the firstphotograph ever produced. Next, in chronological order, came Dry Plates, the firstexperiments being made by Marc Antoine Augustine Gaudin,April 22, 1854. A great advance was made in all Dry Plateprocesses
The American annual of photography . l way. In 1850 came the Collodion Process by Frederick ScottArcher of London. Positive pictures by this process weremade to stand out against black velvet in white, or the positivepicture was produced on japanned iron plates, or japannedleather. The latter is illustrated by the picture of the Author(Figure i) taken in 1859, just twenty years after the firstphotograph ever produced. Next, in chronological order, came Dry Plates, the firstexperiments being made by Marc Antoine Augustine Gaudin,April 22, 1854. A great advance was made in all Dry Plateprocesses in 1862 by an American, Major C. Russell, who usedwhat is known as the Alkaline Developer. The illustration(Figure 2) is a picture of the author taken in 1861 on acopper plate. In 1864 W. B. Bolton and B. J. Sayce publishedthe germ of a process which revolutionized photographicmanipulations. It may interest the lay reader to know that beer, coftee,gum and albumen were respectively used as preservatives inphotographic processes. 184. o < Q IDO « Q< o X The development of this art, and times of exposure, areas follows: Daguerrotype, Half hours exposure. Calotype, Two or three minutes. Collodion, Ten seconds. Collodion Emulsion, Fifteen seconds. Rapid Gelatin Emulsion, 1/15 March, 1878, C. Bennett evolved what was really thePhotography. The first successful instantaneous pictures byColonel Stuart Wortley in 1879, by raising the temperatureof the vessel in which the emulsion was stewed to 150 degreesF. Instead of days being required to give the desired sensi-bility, only a few hours were necessary. Flashlight 1897, in Chicago, James W. McDonough, a man ofscience, was killed in perfecting the process of FlashlightPhotography. The first successful instantaneous pictures bythis process, in rooms or halls otherwise too dark for photog-raphy, were taken by F. W. Peck, of Chicago. The several years the Skiograph—pictures of the stars—hav
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpublishernewyorktennantandw
