. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum Zoology. ANATOMY OF THE MELANONIDAE 29 MELANONOIDEI MACROUROIDEI GADOIDEI ^Bathygadidae Steindachneriidae Moridoidea Gadoidea]. 10:11 Fig. 18. Proposed relationships of Melanonoidei with other gadiforms. Synapomorphies: 1, absence of pars jugularis, common aperture for principal cranial nerves (also occurs in some ophidiiforms); 2, loss of intermusculars from vertebrae 1 and 2; 3, scapular-coracoid foramen; 4, attrition of lateral face of hyomandibular; 5, levator arcus palatini covers lateral face of jaw musculature; 10, palatine forming a h
. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum Zoology. ANATOMY OF THE MELANONIDAE 29 MELANONOIDEI MACROUROIDEI GADOIDEI ^Bathygadidae Steindachneriidae Moridoidea Gadoidea]. 10:11 Fig. 18. Proposed relationships of Melanonoidei with other gadiforms. Synapomorphies: 1, absence of pars jugularis, common aperture for principal cranial nerves (also occurs in some ophidiiforms); 2, loss of intermusculars from vertebrae 1 and 2; 3, scapular-coracoid foramen; 4, attrition of lateral face of hyomandibular; 5, levator arcus palatini covers lateral face of jaw musculature; 10, palatine forming a hinge or butt-joint with pterygoids; 11, enlarged intercalar contributing to posterior wall of cranium; 12, pharyngohyoideus muscle mediated by sternohyoideus; 13, interradiales muscle connected to dorsal and anal fin rays, loss of various caudal fin muscles and entire caudal skeleton in some taxa; 14, palatine contacts mesethmoid; 15, X and Y bones in caudal skeleton (lost in some laxa); 16, complete fusion of upper hypurals and symmetry of hypural plates. Autapomorphies for Melanonoidei; 6, supraoccipital excluded from margin of foramen magnum; 7, cranial neuromas! pattern and innervation; 8, brain position and morphology; 9, enlarged pterosphenoids contacting lateral ethmoids. Synapomorphies 1-5 and 10-11 from Gosline (1968; 1971); Howes (1988; 1989; 1990; 1991b); Markle (1989); Patterson & Rosen (1989). Synapomorphies for macrouroids summarized by Iwamoto (1989) and Howes & Crimmen (1990) and for moridoids by Paulin (1983). taxa so excluded are Moridae, Euclichthyidae, Steindachneri- idae and Bathygadidae. The two latter lack a caudal fin skeleton,thus the incomplete fusion patterns of hypural bones possessed by morids, euclichthyids and melanonids cannot be extended to these taxa. The cranial and vertebral osteology of Bathygadidae is plesiomorphic in comparison to other gadoid taxa whereas that of Steindachneriidae is relatively derived (pers. obs. see also Fahay's
Size: 1856px × 1347px
Photo credit: © Book Worm / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bhlconsortium, bookc, bookcentury1900, bookcollectionbiodiversity
