. The principles of chemistry . lycerine (Chapter VIII., Note 45, and Chapter XII., Note 33). The latterwhen mixed with solid pulverulent substances, like magnesia, tripoli, etc., formsdynamite, which is so largely used in quarries and mines in driving tunnels, &c. Wemay add that the simplest true nitro-compound, or marsh gas, CHj, in which all thehydrogens are replaced by NOo groups has been obtained by L. N. Shishkoff, C(NOo)4,as well as nitroform, CH(NOo)5. 39 Nitric acid may be entirely decomposed by passing its vapour over highly incan-descent copper, because the oxides of nitrogen first
. The principles of chemistry . lycerine (Chapter VIII., Note 45, and Chapter XII., Note 33). The latterwhen mixed with solid pulverulent substances, like magnesia, tripoli, etc., formsdynamite, which is so largely used in quarries and mines in driving tunnels, &c. Wemay add that the simplest true nitro-compound, or marsh gas, CHj, in which all thehydrogens are replaced by NOo groups has been obtained by L. N. Shishkoff, C(NOo)4,as well as nitroform, CH(NOo)5. 39 Nitric acid may be entirely decomposed by passing its vapour over highly incan-descent copper, because the oxides of nitrogen first formed give up their oxygen to the COMPOUNDS OF NITROGEN WITH HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN 277 sequently an oxidising agent. Charcoal, as we have already seen,burns in nitric acid ; phosphorus, sulphur, iodine, and the majority ofmetals also decompose nitric acid, some on heating and others even atthe ordinary temperature : the substances taken are oxidised and thenitric acid is deoxidised, yielding compounds containing less Fig. 48.—The method of decomposition of uitrous anhydride, also applicable to the other oxides ofnitrogen, and to their analysis. NO^ is generated from nitrate of lead in the retort A. Nitricacid and other less volatile products are condensed in B. The ti;be C C contains copper, and islieated from below. Undecomposed volatile products (if any are formed) are condensed in D,which is cooled. If the decomposition be incomplete, brown fumes make their appearance in thisreceiver. The gaseous nitrogen is collected in the cylinder E. Only a few metals, such as gold and platinum, do not act on nitric acid,but the majority decompose it ; in so doing, an oxide of the metal isformed, which, if it has the character of a base, acts on the remainingnitric acid ; hence, with the majority of metals the result of thereaction is usually not an oxide of the metal, but the corresponding salt red-hot metallic copper, so that water and nitrogen gas alone are obtained. Thisform
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