An American history . rer among these French adventurers was JacquesCartier, of St. Malo in Brittany. In 1534 Cartier sailed into the Gulf of St. Lawrence, andon his next voyage (1535) discovered the broad mouth of theriver. He made his way up the St. Lawrence, stopping to barter The Struggle with France for North America 83 for furs at Indian villages on the magnificent sites where thecities of Quebec and Montreal now stand. Just beyond Mon-treal the way to the China Sea (the hope held out by everywestward-reaching river or creek) was barred by the rapidswhose name, Lachine ( China ), still t
An American history . rer among these French adventurers was JacquesCartier, of St. Malo in Brittany. In 1534 Cartier sailed into the Gulf of St. Lawrence, andon his next voyage (1535) discovered the broad mouth of theriver. He made his way up the St. Lawrence, stopping to barter The Struggle with France for North America 83 for furs at Indian villages on the magnificent sites where thecities of Quebec and Montreal now stand. Just beyond Mon-treal the way to the China Sea (the hope held out by everywestward-reaching river or creek) was barred by the rapidswhose name, Lachine ( China ), still tells of Cartiers disap-pointment in not reaching the East Indies. For several yearsCartier labored in vain to establish a colony on the St. Lawrence, and one year his men actuallywintered there. But the nobleriver of Canada was destined,like the lowlands of Virginia,to wait until the opening of anew century before its savagetribes were disturbed by thepermanent presence of Euro-peans. The man who founded the 99. cham-. T7 . ? ? /-? J ii plain founds iTench empire m Canada, the Quebec (1608) ^„g and makesenemies of Champlains Astrolabe Father of New FranceSamuel deChamplain. Trained the Iroquoisnavigator, scientific student,-intrepid explorer, earnest mis-sionary, unwearied advocate ofFrench expansion in the NewWorld, Champlain established atrading post on the mighty rock of Quebec in 1608. The littlecolony, like the Pilgrim settlement at Plymouth twelve yearslater, barely survived its first winter. But an unfortunate cir-cumstance in the summer of 1609 proved more disastrous tothe French rule in America than many starving winters. Cham-plain was induced by the Algonquin Indians along the river 1 About 1870 a farmer turned up a brass astrolabe near the Ottawa Riverbearing the mark Paris, 1603. There can be no doubt that it was 1600, while on a visit to the Spanish West Indies, Champlain had suggestedthe great advantage to commerce which would result from digging
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