The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsbotany00gray Year: 1887 SECTION 14.] FRUIT. 119 Stone Friiils, or Drupaceous, the outer part flesliy like a berry, the inner hard or stouy, like a nut; and Dri/ Fruits, those which have no flesh or pulp. 350. In rcfereucc to the way of disseminating the contained seed, fruits are said to be Indehiscent when they do not open at maturity. Pleshy fruits and stone fruits are of course indeliiscent. The seed becomes free only through decay or by beiug fed upon by animals. Those which escape digestion are thus d
The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsbotany00gray Year: 1887 SECTION 14.] FRUIT. 119 Stone Friiils, or Drupaceous, the outer part flesliy like a berry, the inner hard or stouy, like a nut; and Dri/ Fruits, those which have no flesh or pulp. 350. In rcfereucc to the way of disseminating the contained seed, fruits are said to be Indehiscent when they do not open at maturity. Pleshy fruits and stone fruits are of course indeliiscent. The seed becomes free only through decay or by beiug fed upon by animals. Those which escape digestion are thus disseminated by the latter. Of dry fruits many are indehiscent; and these are variously arranged to be transported by animals. Some burst irregularly; many are heldscent, that is, they split open regularly along certain lines, and discharge the seeds. A dehiscent fruit ahnost always contains many or several seeds, or at least more than one seed. 371 372 373 374 351. The principal kinds of fruit which have received substantive names and are of common use in descriptive botany are the following. Of fleshy fruits the leading kind is 352. The Berry, such as the gooseberry and currant, the blueberry and cranberry (Fig. 371), the tomato, and the grape. Here the whole flesh is soft throughout. The orange is a berry with a leathery rind. 353. The Pepo, or Gourd-fruit, is a hard-rinded berry, belonging to the Gourd family, such as the pumpkin, squash, cucumber, and melon. Fig. 372, 373. 354. The Pome is a name applied to the apple, pear (Fig. 374), and quince; fleshy fruits, like a berry, but the principal thickness is calyx, only Fig. 371. Leafy shoot and beny (cut acrcss) of the larger Cranberry, Vacciaium iDacrocarpon. Fig. 372. Pepo of Gnurrl. in .section. 373. One carpel of same in diagram. Fig. 374. Longitudinal and transverse sections of a pear (pome).
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