. A treatise on pharmacy for students and pharmacists. fwater at 0° C. (H2° F.) to convert it back into water having atemperature of 50° C. (122° F.). Alcoholic vapor requires ouly about one-half as much cold waterfor condensation as aqueous vapor, since its sensible beat is ° ( .(° F.) and its latent heat only 215° C. (387° F.). The sensi- 160 GENERAL PHARMACY. ble heat of the vapor of official dilated alcohol is 82° C. (° F.),and its latent heat about 260° C. (468° F.). As such large quantities of water for condensing purposes are notpractically available, the same object is at
. A treatise on pharmacy for students and pharmacists. fwater at 0° C. (H2° F.) to convert it back into water having atemperature of 50° C. (122° F.). Alcoholic vapor requires ouly about one-half as much cold waterfor condensation as aqueous vapor, since its sensible beat is ° ( .(° F.) and its latent heat only 215° C. (387° F.). The sensi- 160 GENERAL PHARMACY. ble heat of the vapor of official dilated alcohol is 82° C. (° F.),and its latent heat about 260° C. (468° F.). As such large quantities of water for condensing purposes are notpractically available, the same object is attained—the withdrawing ofthe latent heat from vaporized liquids as completely as possible—by acontinuous supply of cold running water. It has been frequentlyobserved in the preparation of distilled water, that more rapid con-densation takes place if the water surrounding the condenser be sup-plied slowly and thus allowed to become warm. The outlet, or lowerend of the condensing tube, should always be kept coolest, hence cold Fig. Simple distillation from a flask. Avater must be supplied at this point and carried upward.| Care mustalso be observed that the application of heat and refrigeration beproperly adjusted, so that vapor be not generated in excess of thecapacity of the condenser. The simplest form of distillatory apparatus consists of a flask, orretort, in which the liquid to be distilled is vaporized, and a receiver Fig. 157.
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade189, booksubjectpharmacy, bookyear1895
