. Timber trees and forests of North Carolina . d. The cherry birch has a superficial root system,although in 3oung grow^th there is a prominent tap-root. The wood is heavy, very strong and hard, close-grained, com-pact ; dark brown in color; the sapwood light brown or takes a beautiful polish, and is nsed for furniture and fuel, andin Nova Scotia and New Brunswick for shipbuilding. Birch beeris made from the sap of this species. In some parts of NorthCarolina considerable quantities of cherry birch have been cutfor lumber. Salix nig-ra, Marshall. (willow, black avillow. eiver willow.
. Timber trees and forests of North Carolina . d. The cherry birch has a superficial root system,although in 3oung grow^th there is a prominent tap-root. The wood is heavy, very strong and hard, close-grained, com-pact ; dark brown in color; the sapwood light brown or takes a beautiful polish, and is nsed for furniture and fuel, andin Nova Scotia and New Brunswick for shipbuilding. Birch beeris made from the sap of this species. In some parts of NorthCarolina considerable quantities of cherry birch have been cutfor lumber. Salix nig-ra, Marshall. (willow, black avillow. eiver willow.) A small tree, with a large oval crown, dark rough bark on thetrunk, and smooth light brown bark on the spreading branches,reaching a height of 50 and a diameter of 2 feet, or towards itssoutheastern limit a mere shrub. It occurs along streams from New Brunswick and Lake Superiorsouth to Florida and Texas, and in the valleys of the Sacramentoriver, California, and the Colorado river, Arizona. N. C. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. BULLETIN 6. PLATI-: CHERRY BIRCH POPLAR. ASPEN. LAKGE-TOOTHED ASPEN. 117 In North Carolina it is found from the coast to the mountains,growing on loamy soils along streams, and reaches a height of 30feet and a diameter of 15 inches. It is rare in the high moun-tains, but in the Piedmont plateau is much more abundant. Seed is borne abundantly and at frequent intervals, and seed-lings are common on bottom lands. Trees of all sizes sprout fromthe stump. It is easily propagated from cuttings. The smallerbranches and twigs are often injured by a saw tly, Cimbexamericana. The leaves are narrow, lance-shaped, toothed and tapering atthe ends. The flowers appear in early spring in drooping catkins,the male and female on separate trees. The fruit is a pendulouscatkin, made up of small capsules containing minute seeds whichare clothed with long silky hairs. The roots are very fibrous andtough. The light, coarsegrained wood is soft, not strong, andbrown in color ; the s
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