Ontario High School History of England . times as numerous as those of the royal navy, would takepart in the fight when the time came. No doubt the Englishships were smaller than the ships of Spain. These, withtheir high castles in bow and stern, and their broad bows,looked formidable. The English, however, had the advantageof more powerful cannon with which they could batter the 232 HISTORY OF ENGLAND great Spanish ships, while keeping out of range them-selves. Their ships were also swifter, and they could beatbetter to windward, and turn more readily than their foes. English sailors too were


Ontario High School History of England . times as numerous as those of the royal navy, would takepart in the fight when the time came. No doubt the Englishships were smaller than the ships of Spain. These, withtheir high castles in bow and stern, and their broad bows,looked formidable. The English, however, had the advantageof more powerful cannon with which they could batter the 232 HISTORY OF ENGLAND great Spanish ships, while keeping out of range them-selves. Their ships were also swifter, and they could beatbetter to windward, and turn more readily than their foes. English sailors too werevery expert. Moreover, menof gentle birth were notashamed, when there wasneed,to work as seamen, andto haul ropes, side by sidewith common sailors, whilemore rigid conceptions ofcaste divided the Spanishofficers from their men. The Elizabethan seamen. An English Ship of War, 1588 —The English seamen had learned their trade in arough school. When Spain and England drew apart on thereligious question, after Elizabeth came to the


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