. Modern surgery, general and operative. canvas-covered rub-ber sac the interior of which is in communication with the external air. The chamber is sufficiently large to hold the patient, the surgeon, and theassistant. By means of an electric suction air pump, the valve of which is in thewall, negative pressure is obtained and is continuously maintained in thecabinet. The patients thorax is exposed to the suction of negative pressure. Intratracheal Insufflation 1033 but the bronchioles are subjected to ordinary atmospheric pressure, hence,even when a wide opening is made in the chest wall, the
. Modern surgery, general and operative. canvas-covered rub-ber sac the interior of which is in communication with the external air. The chamber is sufficiently large to hold the patient, the surgeon, and theassistant. By means of an electric suction air pump, the valve of which is in thewall, negative pressure is obtained and is continuously maintained in thecabinet. The patients thorax is exposed to the suction of negative pressure. Intratracheal Insufflation 1033 but the bronchioles are subjected to ordinary atmospheric pressure, hence,even when a wide opening is made in the chest wall, the lung does not operator does not suffer from the negative pressure. The Positive Pressure Apparatus.—Numerous apparatuses have been de-vised. Positive pressure used to be obtained by the Fell-0Dwyer apparatus(see Fig. 653). The larynx was intubated and bellows were used. It can beobtained with this, but the apparatus is uncertain and difficult to use. Positivepressure can be obtained by the pulmotor and by the IlG. 654.—Sauerbruchs cabinet: Position of patient in chamber ready for operation under negative pressure. Brauer advocated the following plan: When the patient has been anes-thetized and the surgeon is ready to open the pleura, a glass case is placed overthe patients face and the air in the case is condensed by means of an apparatus. Bauer subsequently modified the head chamber so that the hands andwrists of the anesthetist are admitted within it. Some surgeons have givencompressed air by the nose, the mouth being sealed. Some give it by intuba-tion from the mouth. The trouble with this method in man is that no com-
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