A manual of hygiene and sanitation . the other hand, certain substances, like blood-serum,are spoiled for culture purposes by moist heat continuedsufficiently long to kill the spores possibly present, as thelatter require a higher temperature or more prolongedheating to sterilize them than the bacteria without is therefore had to fractional sterilization in suchcases, exposing the materials for only a short time to atemperature just sufficient to destroy the bacteria, repeat-ing the process after an interval, say twenty-four hours,which is presumably sufficient to allow the spore


A manual of hygiene and sanitation . the other hand, certain substances, like blood-serum,are spoiled for culture purposes by moist heat continuedsufficiently long to kill the spores possibly present, as thelatter require a higher temperature or more prolongedheating to sterilize them than the bacteria without is therefore had to fractional sterilization in suchcases, exposing the materials for only a short time to atemperature just sufficient to destroy the bacteria, repeat-ing the process after an interval, say twenty-four hours,which is presumably sufficient to allow the spores todevelop into bacteria; and again a third time, after a like 44 BACTERIOLOGY, interval, to insure absolute sterilization. Previous tosterilizing the culture-media and apparatus we preventthe subsequent access of contaminating germs to theinterior of tubes and vessels by plugs or stoppers ofcotton-wool, covering these, when necessary, with rubbercaps to prevent the evaporation of fluids or of moisturefrom the gelatin, etc. Fig.


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjecthygiene, bookyear1903