. The changing Illinois environment : critical trends : technical report of the Critical Trends Assessment Project. Man; Pollution; Environmental protection; Ecology; Environmental impact analysis. HUMAN EXPOSURE TO AIR POLLUTION (NOx). They include gases and vapors such as nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide ((NO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric acid (HNO3); and possibly nitrogen tri- oxide (NO3), dinitrogen trioxide 0^2O3)» nitrogen tetroxide (N2O4), dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) and particulates as nitrate (NO3-) salts. Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are the most important of the
. The changing Illinois environment : critical trends : technical report of the Critical Trends Assessment Project. Man; Pollution; Environmental protection; Ecology; Environmental impact analysis. HUMAN EXPOSURE TO AIR POLLUTION (NOx). They include gases and vapors such as nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide ((NO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric acid (HNO3); and possibly nitrogen tri- oxide (NO3), dinitrogen trioxide 0^2O3)» nitrogen tetroxide (N2O4), dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) and particulates as nitrate (NO3-) salts. Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are the most important of the NOjj in terms of air pollution and potential ad- verse health effects and are quite chemically reactive. Nitric oxide (NO) is a colorless and odorless gas. It is the primary form of NO^ resulting from the com- bustion process. The most important aspect of the relationship of NO^ with air pollution is the genera- tion of ozone. The rates of formation and the steady- state concentrations of ozone are a function of light intensity, the concentrations of hydrocarbons and ni- trogen oxides (the HC-NO^ ratio), and temperature (BEPA, May 1992). Health Effects Generally, there is a lack of strong evidence to associate health effects with most nitrogen oxide compounds. Specifically, the data base for health effects of nitric oxide (NO) is not extensive except for its interaction with blood (Lippmann, 1992). The major target for inhaled NO2 is the respiratory tract where it can cause an increase in airway resistance, respiratory rate, and sensitivity to bronchial consttic- tion, in addition to a decrease in lung compliance and an enhanced susceptibility to respiratory infections. NO2 is a deep lung irritant capable of producing pulmonary edema and structural alterations in the respiratory tract if inhaled in sufficient concentra- tions. When NO2 is inhaled with other pollutants, the effects are additive (lEPA, May 1992; Lippmann, 1992). Historical Levels Historical data was collected at
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