. The book of the garden. Gardening. Fig. 328. siphon may be removed from time to time, by taking off the cap c at the lower part of the ; Pipes are connected in various ways ; the following, however, are the principal, —viz., the flange- joint, fig. 325; the spigot - and -faucet, or socket-joint, fig. 326; the thimble- joint, fig. 327 ; and the saddle-joint, fig. 328. The flange- joint is made by placing some elastic substance, such as felt, pasteboard, rope - yarn, caout- chouc, well-satu- rated with white- lead and drying oil, between the flanges, and bringing them firmly together
. The book of the garden. Gardening. Fig. 328. siphon may be removed from time to time, by taking off the cap c at the lower part of the ; Pipes are connected in various ways ; the following, however, are the principal, —viz., the flange- joint, fig. 325; the spigot - and -faucet, or socket-joint, fig. 326; the thimble- joint, fig. 327 ; and the saddle-joint, fig. 328. The flange- joint is made by placing some elastic substance, such as felt, pasteboard, rope - yarn, caout- chouc, well-satu- rated with white- lead and drying oil, between the flanges, and bringing them firmly together by means of three or fourscrew-bolts and nuts. This joint presents a clumsy appearance; but it has the advantage of beingeasily taken asunder, and hence is valuable when pipes are laid down for temporary purposes. The spigot-and-faucet, or socket-joint, is the neatest and strongest, but can scarcely be separated when once made, unless joined with lead instead of rust, which is found to make a secure and per- manent joining. The composition generally used to pack this joint with is called rust or borings by tradesmen, and is a mixture of iron borings with sulphur and sal- ammoniac. The following are the pro- portions given by Buchanan in " Essays," p. 177 :—"To make iron cement, 40 parts by weight of iron borings are to be added to 1 part of sal-ammoniac and \ part of flowers of sulphur, well mixed together, and beaten up like putty. Much sulphur renders the composition brittle. When a considerable time can be allowed for the cement to dry in the joint, before steam" or hot water " is admitted into the pipe, a smaller propor- tion of sulphur may be ;. Mr Peckstone has given slightly dif- ferent proportions in " Practical Treatise on Gas-Lighting," p. 340. "The iron borings are to be pounded in a mortar until they are fine enough to pass through a fine sieve; then, with 1 lb. of these borings, so prepared, mix 2 ounces of sal
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1850, booksubjectgardening, bookyear18
