A brief history of the nations and of their progress in civilization . g(1729-1781), who wasa critic of admirableinsight, and a poet,who has exerted awide-spread influence. Italy. — In Italy,Vico (1668-1744)marked an epoch inthe scientific treat-ment of history andmythology. Florenceonce more became aseat of learning. Bec-caria (1738-1794)introduced more hu-mane views in crimi-nal (1745-1827), anelectrician, constructed the instrument called the voltaic pile. England. — In England, after the Restoration, the Frenchinfluence in literature was strong. The drama declined,partl
A brief history of the nations and of their progress in civilization . g(1729-1781), who wasa critic of admirableinsight, and a poet,who has exerted awide-spread influence. Italy. — In Italy,Vico (1668-1744)marked an epoch inthe scientific treat-ment of history andmythology. Florenceonce more became aseat of learning. Bec-caria (1738-1794)introduced more hu-mane views in crimi-nal (1745-1827), anelectrician, constructed the instrument called the voltaic pile. England. — In England, after the Restoration, the Frenchinfluence in literature was strong. The drama declined,partly because the Puritans opposed it, and partly on ac-count of the rage for indecency which infected the dramaticwriters. The Pilgrims Progress, of Bunyan (1628-1688), isthe most popular work of that age. Prior to the age of QueenAnne, Dry den (1631-1700) is the principal poet of the philosophy, John Locke (1632-1704) wrote his celebratedEssay concerning Human Understanding. Berkeley (1684-1753)advocated with rare genius the philosophical system known as. 462 LITERATURE, SCIENCE, AND RELIGION idealism, and defended Christian theism. Hume (1711-1776)was a skeptical writer of great acnteness. One of the greatestnames in philosophy and theology is that of Bishop Joseph Butler (1692-1752), whowrote on the analogy be-tween the Christian re-ligion and what we knowof the constitution andcourse of nature. SirIsaac Newton (1642-1727) discovered the uni-versality of the law ofgravitation, and mademany discoveries inmechanics and Watt (1736-1819),a Scotchman, made radi-cal improvements in thesteam engine, and Eich-ard Arkwright (1732-1792) invented the spin-ning jenny. In QueenAnnes reign. Pope (1688-1744), with his smooth versificationand bright wit, is the principal figure among the poets, whileAddison (1672-1719) and Steele (1676-1719) were the most,distinguished essayists. Richardson (1689-1761) and Field-ing (1707-1757) were among the earliest of English nove
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